Abstract
After 4 days in an atmosphere of N2, aleurone layers of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Himalaya) remained viable as judged by their ability to produce near normal amounts of α-amylases when incubated with gibberellic acid (GA3) in air. However, layers did not produce α-amylase when GA3 was supplied under N2, apparently because α-amylase mRNA failed to accumulate.
When an 8-hour pulse of [U-14C]glucose was supplied under N2 to freshly prepared aleurone layers, both [14C]lactate and [14C]ethanol accumulated; the [14C]lactate/[14C]ethanol ratio was about 0.3. Prior incubation of layers for 1 day under N2 changed this ratio to about 0.8, indicating an increase in the relative importance of the lactate branch of glycolysis.
l(+)Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was low in freshly prepared aleurone layers and increased 10-fold during 2 days under N2, whereas alcohol dehydrogenase activity (ADH) was high initially and rose by 60%. The responses of LDH and ADH activities to O2 tension were dissimilar; when layers were incubated in various O2/N2 mixtures, LDH activity peaked at 2 to 5% O2 whereas ADH activity was highest at 0% O2. The LDH activity was resolved into several enzymically active bands by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
We conclude that barley aleurone layers are highly adapted to O2 deficiency, that they possess an inducible LDH system as well as an ADH system, and we infer that the LDH and ADH systems are independently regulated.
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