TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the patient population
| Overall Group | ALF Group | ALI Group | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | n = 62 | n = 47 | n = 15 |
| Median age (years) | 43 (18, 73) | 40 (18, 73) | 50 (25, 66) |
| Female (%) | 61% | 70% | 33% |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | |||
| White | 79% | 79% | 80% |
| Black | 18% | 19% | 13% |
| Asian | 3% | 2% | 7% |
| Hispanic | 7% | 6% | 7% |
| Etiology (%) | |||
| APAP | 42% | 55% | 0% |
| Hepatitis A | 11% | 2% | 40% |
| DILI | 11% | 9% | 20% |
| Hepatitis B | 8% | 6% | 13% |
| Autoimmune | 5% | 4% | 7% |
| Shock* | 5% | 4% | 7% |
| Indeterminate | 5% | 4% | 7% |
| Pregnancy | 2% | 2% | 0% |
| Wilson disease | 2% | 0% | 7% |
| Other virus | 2% | 2% | 0% |
| Other | 8% | 11% | 0% |
| Median entry labs | |||
| ALT (U/L) | 2,738 (141, 15,817) | 2,860 (141, 15,817) | 1,702(578, 8631) |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 7.1 (0.6, 36.0) | 5.5 (0.6, 36.0) | 12.4 (4.3, 21.5) |
| INR | 2.7 (1.4, 10.7) | 2.9 (1.4, 10.7) | 2.4 (2.0, 5.0) |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.4, 7.7) | 1.2 (0.4, 7.7) | 0.7 (0.5, 5.9) |
| MELD | 30.0 (14, 47) | 31.0 (14, 47) | 26.0 (20, 39) |
| Complications at entry | |||
| Renal replacement | 21% | 28% | 0% |
| Intubated | 34% | 45% | 0% |
| Vasopressors | 18% | 21% | 7% |
| NAC (%) | 90% | 96% | 73% |
| Grade ½ HE | 34% | 45% | 0% |
| Grade ¾ HE | 42% | 55% | 0% |
| Ever listed for LT | 32% | 34% | 27% |
| First 21-day outcome | |||
| LT† | 21% | 23% | 13% |
| Death | 15% | 20% | 0% |
| TFS | 61% | 55% | 80% |
| Unknown‡ | 3% | 2% | 7% |
*
Shock was an allowable etiology if not severe at study entry (i.e., on no pressors [n = 2] or one pressor [n = 1]). Data are presented as median (range).
†
One subject died following transplant; data reported as median (range).
‡
Two unknown 21-day outcomes due to consent withdrawal and lost to follow-up.
Abbreviations: HE, hepatic encephalopathy; NAC, N-acetylcysteine.