Retraction Note: Valproic acid attenuates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin through a chemokine ligand 5 dependent mechanism and subarachnoid hemorrhage induced vasospasm in a rat model

Retraction Note: J Inflamm 12, 27 (2015)

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12950-015-0074-3

The Editors-in-Chief have retracted this article. After publication, concerns were raised regarding the data presented in the figures, specifically:

• Fig. 1c appears highly similar to Fig. 1c of [1], Fig. 1b of [2] and Fig. 1c of [3].

• Fig. 1f appears highly similar to Fig. 1f of [3].

• Fig. 1c also appears highly similar to 1b in [4].

• The b-actin blots across all figures appear highly similar (rotated in Fig. 4), although they represent different groups.

• The b-actin blots also appear highly similar to b-actin in Fig. 3 and GAPDH in Fig. 4 of [5].

• Sham data are not presented in Figs. 2-4.

• SAH+V image is not included in Fig. 2.

• The error bars in the graphs appear unusually consistent.

The Editors-in-Chief therefore no longer have confidence in the presented data.

None of the authors have responded to any correspondence from the publisher about this retraction.