Figure 2.

Framework of the mediation analysis by the Baron and Kenny method. ¹ Mean of proteins, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorous, and iron INQs (index of nutritional qualities) < 0.75; ² at least one of tooth loss (number of teeth ≤ 16) and chewing difficulty (“very uncomfortable” or “uncomfortable” chewing ability). Path c, breastfeeding duration was regressed on undernutrition risk; path a, breastfeeding duration was regressed on tooth loss/chewing difficulty; respective paths c’ and b, breastfeeding duration and tooth loss/chewing difficulty were simultaneously regressed on undernutrition risk.