Figure 8. Compared with BCG-WT, BCG-disA-OE is a more potent inducer of metabolomic changes characteristic of trained immunity in primary human monocytes.

a-b. Metabolite levels determined by LCMS in human or murine MDM determined 24 hr after exposure to BCG (Tice) strains or heat-killed (HK) controls. Schematic diagram (c) showing key metabolites significantly upregulated (red arrow upward) or downregulated (blue arrow downward) in BCG-disA-OE infected macrophages relative to BCG-WT infected macrophages. Data are represented as mean values ± SD (n= 4 biological replicates) Statistical analyses done using two-tailed Student’s t-test on panel A; one-way ANOVA w/Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons in panel b (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001).