Table. Baseline Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics by Randomization Status.
| Characteristic | No. (%)a | |
|---|---|---|
| ADAPT intervention (n = 154) | Usual care (n = 152) | |
| Demographic, No. (%) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 68.87 (8.04) | 68.88 (7.42) |
| Female | 15 (9.7) | 15 (9.9) |
| Male | 139 (90.3) | 137 (90.1) |
| Ethnicity (n = 273)b | ||
| Hispanic | 128 (92.8) | 127 (94.1) |
| Non-Hispanic | 10 (7.2) | 8 (6.0) |
| Race (n = 301)b | ||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 2 (1.3) | 1 (0.7) |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.3) |
| Black or African American | 13 (8.6) | 7 (4.7) |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) |
| White | 118 (78.1) | 127 (84.7) |
| Otherc | 16 (10.6) | 12 (8.0) |
| Employment status | ||
| Retired | 73 (47.4) | 90 (59.2) |
| Disabled | 49 (31.8) | 38 (25.0) |
| Employed full time | 8 (5.2) | 4 (2.6) |
| Employed part time | 11 (7.1) | 7 (4.6) |
| Educational level | ||
| <High school completion | 5 (3.2) | 1 (0.7) |
| High school graduate or GED | 38 (24.7) | 41 (27.0) |
| Some college | 73 (47.4) | 66 (43.4) |
| College graduate | 21 (13.6) | 28 (18.4) |
| Any postgraduate education | 15 (9.7) | 16 (10.5) |
| Annual income, $ | ||
| ≤20 000 | 29 (18.8) | 38 (25.0) |
| 20 001-40 000 | 52 (33.8) | 58 (38.1) |
| 40 001-60 000 | 36 (23.4) | 25 (16.5) |
| >60 000 | 31 (20.1) | 23 (15.1) |
| Medical history, collected from medical record review | ||
| COPD | 112 (72.7) | 114 (75.0) |
| Hypertension | 107 (69.5) | 109 (71.7) |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 80 (51.9) | 71 (46.7) |
| Diabetes | 76 (49.4) | 65 (42.8) |
| Depression | 74 (48.1) | 85 (55.9) |
| Heart failure | 62 (40.3) | 54 (35.5) |
| Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter | 38 (24.7) | 38 (25.0) |
| Myocardial infarction | 38 (24.7) | 25 (16.4) |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 37 (24.0) | 26 (17.1) |
| Coronary artery bypass graft | 17 (11.0) | 15 (9.9) |
| Stroke or transient ischemic attack | 11 (7.1) | 15 (9.9) |
| Interstitial lung disease | 6 (4.0) | 7 (4.6) |
| Clinical characteristicsd | ||
| Comorbidities, mean (SD) | 7.7 (2.4) | 7.5 (2.3) |
| Hospitalized in the prior 12 mo | 74 (49.0) | 68 (45.3) |
| ≥2 Hospitalizations in the prior 12 mo | 30 (19.5) | 34 (22.4) |
| Specialty care in prior 6 mod | ||
| Mental health: medication management | 44 (28.6) | 41 (27.0) |
| Mental health: counseling | 52 (33.8) | 47 (30.9) |
| Pain specialist | 27 (17.5) | 28 (18.4) |
| Palliative care | 0 | 1 (0.7) |
| Opiate prescription | 36 (23.4) | 33 (21.7) |
| Antidepressant prescription | 62 (40.3) | 62 (40.8) |
| Heart failure characteristics | n = 62 | n = 54 |
| Left ventricular ejection fractiond | ||
| ≥50%, Normal | 31 (50.0) | 21 (39.6) |
| 40%-49%, Mildly reduced | 14 (22.6) | 19 (35.8) |
| 30%-39%, Moderately reduced | 10 (16.1) | 7 (13.2) |
| <30%, Severely reduced | 6 (9.7) | 6 (11.3) |
| New York Heart Association classe | ||
| 1, No limitation of physical activity | 3 (6.0) | 5 (10.2) |
| 2, Slight limitation of physical activity; comfortable at rest | 13 (26.0) | 17 (34.7) |
| 3, Marked limitation of physical activity; comfortable at rest | 25 (50.0) | 20 (40.8) |
| 4, Symptoms of heart failure at rest; any physical activity causes further discomfort | 9 (18.0) | 7 (14.3) |
| Cardiologist visit in prior 6 mo | 44 (71) | 43 (76.6) |
| COPD characteristicsf | n = 112 | n = 114 |
| GOLD staged,f | n = 78 | n = 71 |
| 1 or 2, Mild or moderate, | 41 (53) | 37 (52) |
| 3 or 4, Severe or very severe | 37 (47) | 34 (48) |
| Oxygen use | 72 (64.3) | 69 (62.2) |
| At rest | 52 (46.4) | 50 (45.0) |
| With exertion | 54 (48.2) | 53 (47.7) |
| During sleep | 61 (54.5) | 58 (52.2) |
| Pulmonologist visit in prior 6 mo | 45 (40.2) | 42 (36.8) |
| Initial symptom targetedg | n=153 | |
| Shortness of breath | 52 (34.0) | |
| Pain | 23 (15.0) | |
| Sleep disturbance | 23 (15.0) | |
| Depression | 22 (14.4) | |
| Fatigue | 22 (14.4) | |
| Other symptom | 16 (10.5) | |
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive lung disease; GED, General Educational Development; GOLD, global initiative for COPD; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second; FVC, forced vital capacity.
Data are No. (%) unless otherwise reported.
Race and ethnicity were collected by self-report that allowed a single selection from a predetermined list.
Indicates self-reported race not included on the list. See eAppendix in Supplement 3 for itemization.
Collected using medical record review.
Determined by participant rating. Additional heart failure–specific data are provided in eTable 1 in Supplement 3.
Determined using definitions at the time of study initiation, which required postbronchodilator spirometry for all stages of COPD (stage 1, mild [ FEV1 > 80% predicted]; 2, moderate [FEV1 50%-79% predicted]; 3, severe [ FEV1 30%-<50% predicted]; 4, very severe [FEV1 < 30% predicted]). Oxygen use was missing in 3 usual care patients. Additional COPD-specific data are provided in eTable 2 in Supplement 3. Prebronchodilator values were used only when postbronchodilator values were unavailable.
One intervention participant did not report an initial target symptom, and 5 chose 2 symptoms.