Table 1.
Characteristics and comparison of the BOLD participants with and without chronic cough.
| With chronic cough (n = 3444) | Without chronic cough (n = 30,539) | Total (n = 33,983) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 57 (13) | 56 (11) | 55 (11) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Females | 1873 (54.4%) | 16,255 (53.2%) | 18,128 (53.3%) |
| Males | 1571 (45.6%) | 14,284 (46.8%) | 15,855 (46.7%) |
| BMI (kg.m−2), mean (SD) | 27.2 (6.2) | 26.42 (5.6) | 26.5 (5.7) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||
| Current smokers | 1068 (31.0%) | 5353 (17.5%) | 6421 (18.9%) |
| Ex-smokers | 705 (20.5%) | 5772 (18.9%) | 6477 (19.1%) |
| Never smokers | 1671 (48.5%) | 19,414 (66.6%) | 21,085 (62.0%) |
| Passive smoking, n (%) | 885 (25.7%) | 5595 (18.3%) | 6480 (19.2%) |
| Ever worked in a dusty job, n (%) | 1497 (43.5%) | 9660 (31.6%) | 11,157 (32.8%) |
| Duration of work in a dusty job (years), mean (SD) | 8 (13) | 5 (11) | 6 (11) |
| Schooling (years), mean (SD) | 8 (5) | 9 (5) | 9 (5) |
| History of tuberculosis, n (%) | 153 (4.4%) | 624 (2.0%) | 777 (2.3%) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1178 (34.2%) | 7429 (24.3%) | 8607 (25.3%) |
| FEV1/FVC (%), mean (SD) | 73.7 (12.0) | 78.1 (8.2) | 77.7 (8.7) |
BMI: Body mass index. FEV1/FVC: Forced expiratory volume in 1 s to the forced vital capacity ratio. SD: Standard deviation.