Abstract
Ethylene biosynthesis-inducing xylanase (EIX) from the fungus Trichoderma viride elicits enhanced ethylene production and tissue necrosis in whole tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi) plants at sites far removed from the point of EIX application when applied through a cut petiole. Symptoms develop in a specific pattern, which appears to be determined by the interconnections of the tobacco xylem. Based on results of tissue printing experiments, EIX enters the xylem of the stem from the point of application and rapidly moves up and down the stem, resulting in localized foliar symptoms on the treated side of the plant above and below the point of EIX application. The observation that a fungal protein that elicits plant defense responses can be translocated through the xylem suggests that plants respond to pathogen-derived extracellular proteins in tissues distant from the invading pathogen.
Full text
PDF
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Atabekov J. G., Dorokhov YuL Plant virus-specific transport function and resistance of plants to viruses. Adv Virus Res. 1984;29:313–364. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3527(08)60412-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bailey B. A., Dean J. F., Anderson J. D. An Ethylene Biosynthesis-Inducing Endoxylanase Elicits Electrolyte Leakage and Necrosis in Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi Leaves. Plant Physiol. 1990 Dec;94(4):1849–1854. doi: 10.1104/pp.94.4.1849. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bowles D. J. Defense-related proteins in higher plants. Annu Rev Biochem. 1990;59:873–907. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.59.070190.004301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carpita N. C. Limiting diameters of pores and the surface structure of plant cell walls. Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):813–814. doi: 10.1126/science.218.4574.813. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cassab G. I., Varner J. E. Immunocytolocalization of extensin in developing soybean seed coats by immunogold-silver staining and by tissue printing on nitrocellulose paper. J Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;105(6 Pt 1):2581–2588. doi: 10.1083/jcb.105.6.2581. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dean J. F., Anderson J. D. Ethylene Biosynthesis-Inducing Xylanase : II. Purification and Physical Characterization of the Enzyme Produced by Trichoderma viride. Plant Physiol. 1991 Jan;95(1):316–323. doi: 10.1104/pp.95.1.316. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fuchs Y., Anderson J. D. Purification and characterization of ethylene inducing proteins from cellulysin. Plant Physiol. 1987 Jul;84(3):732–736. doi: 10.1104/pp.84.3.732. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fuchs Y., Saxena A., Gamble H. R., Anderson J. D. Ethylene biosynthesis-inducing protein from cellulysin is an endoxylanase. Plant Physiol. 1989 Jan;89(1):138–143. doi: 10.1104/pp.89.1.138. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lieberman M., Kunishi A. Stimulation of ethylene production in apple tissue slices by methionine. Plant Physiol. 1966 Mar;41(3):376–382. doi: 10.1104/pp.41.3.376. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lotan T., Fluhr R. Xylanase, a novel elicitor of pathogenesis-related proteins in tobacco, uses a non-ethylene pathway for induction. Plant Physiol. 1990 Jun;93(2):811–817. doi: 10.1104/pp.93.2.811. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ricci P., Bonnet P., Huet J. C., Sallantin M., Beauvais-Cante F., Bruneteau M., Billard V., Michel G., Pernollet J. C. Structure and activity of proteins from pathogenic fungi Phytophthora eliciting necrosis and acquired resistance in tobacco. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Aug 15;183(3):555–563. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb21084.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]