Table 7.
Anti-depression activity of SIN.
| Activity | Cell Type or Model In Vitro (Effective Concentrations or IC50 Values) | Mechanism of Action | In Vivo | Year | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose (mg/kg) | Therapeutic Effect | |||||
| Anti-depression | NR | ↑: BDNF, pTrkB, and pCREB. | 20, 40 mg/kg | ↑: Social interaction and sucrose preference. ↓: Forced swimming and tail suspension tests immobility. |
2018 | [182] |
| Anti-depression | NR | ↑: NE and 5-HT. ↓: Imbalance of hippocampal neurotransmitter, IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-α, P38-MAPK-NF-κB, NLRP 3, ASC, and caspase-1. |
30, 100, 300 mg/kg | ↑: Weight and sucrose consumption. ↓: Depressive symptoms alleviation, time of forced swimming, and tail suspension tests. |
2018 | [183] |
NR: None reported. ↓: Decrease or inhibition. ↑: Increase or induction. If IC50 values were reported, we displayed them in the second column. If IC50 values were not reported, we only displayed effective concentrations in the second column.