Table 2.
Pathological, oxidative stress, inflammatory, and neurotrophic proteins quantified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and luminex
| Name | Full name | Description | Measured in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aβ40 | Amyloid-beta 1–40 | Amyloid-beta isoform with 40 amino acids | pg/mg |
| Aβ42 | Amyloid-beta 1–42 | Amyloid-beta isoform with 42 amino acids, considered a major component of amyloid plaques | pg/mg |
| Tau | Total Tau protein | Microtubule binding protein expressed in neurons | ng/mg |
| pTau-181 | Tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 | Abnormal alteration of the Tau protein, considered a highly specific marker of the Alzheimer’s disease | ng/mg |
| αSNCA | Alpha synuclein | Major component of Lewy bodies | pg/mg |
| F2-IP | F2-isoprostanes | Mediators of oxidative stress | pg/mg |
| RANTES | Regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (CCL5) | Pro-inflammatory chemokine | pg/mg |
| MIP-1α | Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (CCL3) | Pro-inflammatory chemokine | pg/mg |
| MCP-1 | Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (CCL2) | Pro-inflammatory chemokine | pg/mg |
| IL-6 | Interleukin-6 | Pro-inflammatory cytokine | pg/mg |
| IL-7 | Interleukin-7 | Hematopoietic factor | pg/mg |
| IL-10 | Interleukin-10 | Anti-inflammatory cytokine | pg/mg |
| IFNγ | Interferon-gamma | Pro-inflammatory cytokine | pg/mg |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor | Vasculogenesis growth factor | pg/mg |
| BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor | Neuronal differentiation growth factor | pg/mg |
Protein quantifications were obtained at the public database aging, dementia, and TBI study (http://aging.brain-map.org/overview/home)