Table 1.
Research concerning the relationship between molecular aspects of circadian rhythm disruption and neurodegeneration
| Author, year, citation | Type of study | Group | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Namgyal D. et al. 2020 [9] | Experimental study | Swiss Albino mice exposed to dim light at night (dLAN) for 3 weeks | Modulation of hippocampal protein expression coded by genes Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein (CREB), Doublecortin (DCX), Synapsin (SYN), and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) causes downregulation of CREB and SIRT1 mRNAs and neurodegeneration-associated miRNA21a-5p and miRNA34a-5p |
| Shi L. et al. 2018 [10] | Meta-analysis | - | Individuals with sleep disorders have a 1.49-fold increased risk of AD as compared to subjects with no sleep disruptions |
| Musiek E. S. et al. 2013 [11] | Experimental study | Mice | Reduction of expression of BMAL1 (Basic Helix-Loop-Helix ARNT Like 1) gene in the cortex and hippocampus induced severe reactive astrocytosis, neuronal oxidative damages, and the degeneration of synaptic terminals |
| Nash TR et al. 2019 [12] | Experimental study | Flies maintained in daily cycles of 12-h blue LED and 12-h darkness or in constant darkness or in white light with blocked blue wave exposure | Group maintained in daily cycles of 12-h blue LED and 12-h darkness had significantly reduced length of life compared with other groups. The blue-light exposure accelerated aging phenotypes, damage retinal cells, cause brain neurodegeneration, and impair locomotion |
| Kang J. E. et al 2009 [13] | Experimental study | In vivo microdialysis in mice | Amyloid β (Aβ) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have a diurnal pattern and are correlated with wakefulness |
| Tarasoff-Conway J. M. et al. 2015 [14] | Review | - | Impairment of the clearance of Aβ and tau out of the brain parenchyma under sleep deprivation |
| Li Y. et al. 2020 [15] | Review | - | Melatonin decreases Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and probably improves Aβ clearance |
| Kim M. et al. 2018 [16] | Experimental study | Tauopathy/AD flies exposed to dLAN for 3 days | Increased number of pTau proteins and neurodegeneration level was related partially to the altered circadian rhythm |
| Hui CK et al. 2023 [17] | Experimental study | Zebra finches exposed to dim artificial light at night (ALAN) of 1.5 lux | Immediate early gene expression as a proxy of brain activity related to the response to dim ALAN expression in birds exposed to ALAN was significantly different from birds inactive at night. The changes in expression concerned several brain included areas associated with memory |