1Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
2Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
3Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
4Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
5Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Hospital, Yufu, Japan
6Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu Hospital, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Kitakyushu, Japan
7Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyushu Hospital, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Kitakyushu, Japan
8Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Aichi Children’s Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
9Department of Pediatrics, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
10Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Ibaraki Children’s Hospital, Mito, Japan
11Department of Pediatrics, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
12Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
13Cardiovascular Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
14Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
15Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
16Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
17Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
18Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Iwate Medical University Hospital, Yahaba, Japan
19Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Iwate Prefectural Central Hospital, Morioka, Japan
20Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
21Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
22Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
23Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
24Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
25Division of Cardiology, Gunma Children’s Medical Center, Shibukawa, Japan
26Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gunma Children’s Medical Center, Shibukawa, Japan
27Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
28Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
29Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hiroshima City Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
30Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
31Department of Pediatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
32Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
33Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
34Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Tokyo, Japan
35Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
36Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
37Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Saitama Children’s Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
38Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
39Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie,
Japan
40Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
41Department of Pediatrics, Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital, Shimonoseki, Japan
42Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
43Department of Neonatology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
44Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
45Department of Paediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
46Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
47Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
48Department of Cardiac Surgery, Section of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiovascular Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
49Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
50Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
51Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Chukyo Children Heart Centre, Community Health Care Organization Chukyo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
52Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
53Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
54Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
55Department of Cardiology, Shizuoka Children’s Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
56Division of Cardiology, Chiba Children’s Hospital, Chiba, Japan
57Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Japan
58Department of Pediatrics, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Okayama, Japan
59Department of Cardiac Surgery, Daiyukai General Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan
60Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Neonatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
61Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
62Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
63Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
64Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Nagano Children’s Hospital, Azumino, Japan
65Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
66Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
67Department of Cardiac Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
68Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, Fuchu, Japan
69Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
70Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
71Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
72Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
73Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
74Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
75Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Children’s Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
76Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
77Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hokkaido Medical Center for Child Health and Rehabilitation, Sapporo, Japan
78Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
79Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
80Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
81Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
82Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
Approved by: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Switzerland
*Correspondence: Yoshikatsu Saiki yoshisaiki@med.tohoku.ac.jp
†
These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship
‡
These authors have contributed equally to this work and share last authorship
© 2024 Chida-Nagai, Masaki, Maeda, Sasaki, Sato, Muneuchi, Ochiai, Murayama, Tahara, Shiono, Shinozuka, Kono, Machida, Toyooka, Sugimoto, Nakamura, Akagi, Kondo, Kasahara, Kotani, Koizumi, Oda, Harada, Nakajima, Murata, Nagata, Yatsunami, Kobayashi, Matsunaga, Inoue, Yamagishi, Nakagawa, Ohtani, Yamamoto, Ito, Hokosaki, Kuwahara, Masutani, Nomura, Wada, Sawada, Abiko, Takahashi, Ishikawa, Okada, Naitoh, Toda, Ando, Masuzawa, Hoshino, Kawada, Nomura, Ueno, Ohashi, Tachibana, Cao, Ueda, Yanagi, Koide, Mitsushita, Higashi, Minosaki, Hayashi, Okamoto, Kuraishi, Ehara, Ishida, Horigome, Murakami, Takei, Ishii, Harada, Hirata, Maeda, Tatebe, Ota, Hayabuchi, Sakazaki, Sasaki, Hirono, Suzuki, Yasuda, Takeda, Sawada, Miyaji, Kitagawa, Nakai, Kakimoto, Agematsu, Manabe and Saiki.
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