Correction to: Decreased sustained attention, processing speed and verbal learning memory in patients with insomnia in Chinese young and middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study

Correction to: Sleep and Biological Rhythms (2020) 18:225–232 10.1007/s41105-020-00262-0

In the original publication, the tables were inadvertently omitted.

The correct Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 are provided below.

Table 1.

Cognitive performance, mental health and sleep of the patients with insomnia and healthy control groups

	PI (N = 49)		HC (N = 49)		Statistics
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	t	P
Age (year)	37.82	10.86	34.10	11.62	− 1.64	0.113
TMT	45.27	11.02	57.78	12.94	5.15	< 0.001
BASC	28.65	7.59	38.00	15.14	3.86	< 0.001
HVLT	38.92	10.19	45.35	7.90	3.49	0.001
BVMT	41.41	13.40	45.08	8.90	1.60	0.113
CF	43.35	11.51	50.29	11.55	2.98	0.004
CPT	40.18	10.43	53.57	7.41	7.33	< 0.001
SAS	51.02	9.74	30.23	8.57	− 11.22	< 0.001
SDS	52.12	12.19	32.22	6.16	− 10.20	< 0.001
FAS	26.98	7.83	15.71	5.42	− 8.28	< 0.001
PSQI	13.33	3.58	2.59	1.91	− 18.52	< 0.001
ESS	8.41	5.95	5.76	3.64	− 2.67	0.009

Bold values: P < 0.05

BASC Brief Assessment of Cognition (Symbol Coding), BVMT Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, CF category fluency, CPT Continuous Performance Test, ESS Epworth sleepiness scale, FAS Fatigue Assessment Scale, HC healthy control, PI patient with insomnia, HVLT Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, SAS Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, SDS Self-Rating Depression Scale, TMT Trail Making Test

Table 2.

Sociodemographic characteristics and sleep conditions of the patients with insomnia and healthy control groups

	PI (N = 49)		HC (N = 49)		Statistics
	n	%	n	%	X2	P
Male	18	37	16	33	0.18	0.67
Unmarried	20	41	22	45	0.17	0.68
Unemployed	8	16	9	18	0.07	0.79
Below bachelor’s degree	8	16	7	14	0.08	0.78
Psychoactive substance use	25	51	28	57	0.37	0.54
Exercise frequency (more than 4 times per month)	29	59	34	69	1.11	0.29
Have sleep medication	8	16	0	0	8.71	0.003

HC healthy control, PI primary insomnia

Table 3.

Cognitive assessment of the patients with insomnia and healthy control groups after controlling for sleep medication

	PI				HC				Fc	P
	Mean	SD	99%CI Lower	99%CI Upper	Mean	SD	99%CI Lower	99%CI Upper
TMT	45.62	1.76	40.99	50.25	57.42	1.76	52.79	62.05	21.48	< 0.001
BASC	28.03	1.74	23.47	32.59	38.62	1.74	34.06	43.18	17.79	< 0.001
HVLT	39.42	1.32	35.95	42.89	44.84	1.32	41.37	48.31	8.06	0.006
CF	43.44	1.70	38.99	47.90	50.19	1.70	45.73	54.65	7.57	0.007
CPT	40.84	1.29	37.44	44.24	52.92	1.29	49.52	56.32	41.67	< 0.001
SAS	50.85	1.35	47.31	54.39	30.40	1.35	26.86	33.95	110.05	< 0.001
SDS	51.33	1.37	47.73	54.94	33.00	1.37	29.40	36.61	85.46	< 0.001
FAS	26.62	0.98	24.06	29.19	16.07	0.98	13.50	18.64	55.84	< 0.001
PSQI	13.14	0.41	12.06	14.22	2.78	0.41	1.70	3.86	301.33	< 0.001
ESS	8.77	0.71	6.91	10.62	5.40	0.71	3.55	7.25	10.90	0.001

P value < 0.01 was considered as significant

BASC Brief Assessment of Cognition (Symbol Coding), CF Category Fluency, CPT Continuous Performance Test, ESS Epworth sleepiness scale, FAS Fatigue Assessment Scale, HC healthy control, PI patient with insomnia, HVLT Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, SAS Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, SDS Self-Rating Depression Scale, TMT Trail Making Test, ^c Analysis of covariance, SD standard deviation, CI confidence Interval

Table 4.

Correlations between severity of insomnia and cognitive scores

Variables	PSQI
	R (Correlation coefficient)	P value
TMT	− 0.514	< 0.001
BASC	− 0.291	0.004
HVLT	− 0.349	< 0.001
BVMT	− 0.197	0.050
CF	− 0.202	0.046
CPT	− 0.572	< 0.001

P value <0.05 was considered as significant

BASC Brief Assessment of Cognition (Symbol Coding), BVMT-R Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, CF Category Fluency, CPT Continuous Performance Test, HVLT-R Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, TMT Trail Making Test