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. 2024 Feb 28;627(8002):149–156. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07132-6

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a, Top row, example image of frontal cortex of 6-month-old VIP-Cre 5XFAD mice after receiving PHP.eB.AAV.Syn.DIO-hM4Di-mCherry. Bottom row, magnified view of indicated region in the top row. This experiment was repeated twice. Scale bar: 50 μm (top row) and 10 μm (bottom row). b, Example confocal z-stack maximum intensity images of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of 6-month-old VIP-Cre 5XFAD mice injected with PHP.eB.AAV.Syn.DIO-hM4Di-mCherry (VIP::hM4Di-mCherry) or control (VIP::tdTomato) and labelled with D54D2 and mCherry (indicated with cyan arrowheads) receiving no stimulation or 40 Hz stimulation. Scale bars, 100 μm. c, Quantification of amyloid in experiment represented in b (n = 7 (no stimulation + tdTomato), 8 (40 Hz + tdTomato), 7 (no stimulation + hM4Di) and 7 (40 Hz + hM4Di) VIP-Cre 5XFAD mice; data are mean ± s.e.m.; P values by two-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s LSD test). d, Example images and time series of arterial pulsatility after multisensory stimulation. Scale bars, 50 μm. e, Quantification of arterial pulsatility (n = 5 VIP-Cre 5XFAD per group; data are mean ± s.e.m.; P values by two-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s LSD test).

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