Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Plant Physiology logoLink to Plant Physiology
. 1978 Jun;61(6):938–942. doi: 10.1104/pp.61.6.938

Tissue Slice and Particulate β-Glucan Synthetase Activities from Pisum Epicotyls 1

Yves Raymond 1, Geoffrey B Fincher 1,2, Gordon A Maclachlan 1
PMCID: PMC1092016  PMID: 16660430

Abstract

β-Glucan synthetase activity in growing regions of pea (Pisum sativum L.) epicotyls was assayed by supplying UDP-glucose to particulate fractions of tissue homogenates or to thin tissue slices. Particulate fractions are less active in forming alkali-insoluble glucan than slices from the same tissue, although many kinetic characteristics (pH and Mg2+ optimum, apparent Km) are similar for the two systems. Synthesis by tissue slices progresses linearly without lag period for at least an hour and is proportional to cut surface area. It is much more rapid from UDP-glucose than from glucose, glucose-1-P, or sucrose. Tests with plasmolyzing agents and trypsin support the conclusion that synthesis from UDP-glucose by slices occurs at accessible surfaces of cut cells. Analyses of glucan products by GLC of partially methylated and acetylated derivatives and by hydrolysis with various β-glucanases all show that both β-1,3 and β-1,4 linkages are formed by particulate fractions and slices at substrate concentrations ranging from micro- to millimolar. β-1,4 Linkages predominate at low substrate (5 μm) concentration. Kinetic data indicate that the capacity to synthesize β-1,3-glucan is substrate-activated, and this product predominates in preparations supplied with high (5 mm) substrate.

Full text

PDF
938

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Anderson M. A., Stone B. A. A new substrate for investigating the specificity of beta-glucan hydrolases. FEBS Lett. 1975 Apr 1;52(2):202–207. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80806-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chao H. Y., Maclachlan G. A. Soluble Factors in Pisum Extracts Which Moderate Pisum beta-Glucan Synthetase Activity. Plant Physiol. 1978 Jun;61(6):943–948. doi: 10.1104/pp.61.6.943. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Delmer D. P., Heiniger U., Kulow C. UDP-glucose: Glucan Synthetase in Developing Cotton Fibers: I. Kinetic and Physiological Properties. Plant Physiol. 1977 Apr;59(4):713–718. doi: 10.1104/pp.59.4.713. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. HAKOMORI S. A RAPID PERMETHYLATION OF GLYCOLIPID, AND POLYSACCHARIDE CATALYZED BY METHYLSULFINYL CARBANION IN DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE. J Biochem. 1964 Feb;55:205–208. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Heiniger U., Delmer D. P. UDP-glucose: Glucan Synthetase in Developing Cotton Fibers: II. Structure of the Reaction Product. Plant Physiol. 1977 Apr;59(4):719–723. doi: 10.1104/pp.59.4.719. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ray P. M. Regulation of beta-Glucan Synthetase Activity by Auxin in Pea Stem Tissue: I. Kinetic Aspects. Plant Physiol. 1973 Apr;51(4):601–608. doi: 10.1104/pp.51.4.601. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ray P. M., Shininger T. L., Ray M. M. ISOLATION OF beta-GLUCAN SYNTHETASE PARTICLES FROM PLANT CELLS AND IDENTIFICATION WITH GOLGI MEMBRANES. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Oct;64(2):605–612. doi: 10.1073/pnas.64.2.605. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Smith M. M., Stone B. A. Beta-glucan synthesis by cell-free extracts from Lolium multiflorum endosperm. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Jun 20;313(1):72–94. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(73)90189-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Tsai C. M., Hassid W. Z. Solubilization and Separation of Uridine Diphospho-d-glucose: beta-(1 --> 4) Glucan and Uridine Diphospho-d-glucose:beta-(1 --> 3) Glucan Glucosyltransferases from Coleoptiles of Avena sativa. Plant Physiol. 1971 Jun;47(6):740–744. doi: 10.1104/pp.47.6.740. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Tsai C. M., Hassid W. Z. Substrate Activation of beta-(1 --> 3) Glucan Synthetase and Its Effect on the Structure of beta-Glucan Obtained from UDP-d-glucose and Particulate Enzyme of Oat Coleoptiles. Plant Physiol. 1973 Jun;51(6):998–1001. doi: 10.1104/pp.51.6.998. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Van Der Woude W. J., Lembi C. A., Morré D. J. beta-Glucan Synthetases of Plasma Membrane and Golgi Apparatus from Onion Stem. Plant Physiol. 1974 Sep;54(3):333–340. doi: 10.1104/pp.54.3.333. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Wong Y. S., Fincher G. B., Maclachlan G. A. Cellulases Can Enhance beta-Glucan Synthesis. Science. 1977 Feb 18;195(4279):679–681. doi: 10.1126/science.195.4279.679. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Plant Physiology are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES