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. 2024 Mar 9;12:49. doi: 10.1186/s40168-024-01774-4

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Study design. The study was performed over 12 weeks and divided into two phases: during the intervention phase of 6 weeks, the participants were asked to consume 100 mL of aronia juice or a polyphenol-free but similarly nutrient-composed placebo drink, respectively, twice a day. The participants were investigated at baseline (time point 1), after the intervention (time point 2), and after the washout phase (time point 3). The study was single-blinded to the participants and performed in parallel design