Table 2:

Estimated 10-year mortality risk (%) for surgery and medical therapy, and risk difference and risk ratio comparing the treatments among randomized individuals and all trial-eligible individuals in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study. For each point estimate we provide bootstrap confidence intervals from 10,000 re-samplings. Surgery = coronary artery bypass grafting surgery plus medical therapy; CI = confidence interval; Medical = medical therapy; RD = risk difference; RR = risk ratio; Trial-only = unadjusted analysis using only observations from randomized individuals; OM = outcome model-based standardization; IPW1 = inverse probability weighting; IPW2 = inverse probability weighting with normalized weights; AIPW1 = augmented inverse probability weighting; AIPW2 = augmented inverse probability weighting with normalized weights; AIPW3 = inverse probability weighted regression; (eq.) gives the equation number for each estimator.

Target population	Estimator (eq.)	Surgery (%)	95% CI	Medical (%)	95% CI	RD (%)	95% CI	RR	95% CIS
Randomized individuals	Trial-only	17.4	(13.5, 21.3 )	20.1	(15.9, 24.3 )	−2.7	(−8.5, 3.0)	0.86	(0.59, 1.14)
All trial-eligible individuals	OM (1)	18.5	(14.3, 22.6)	20.0	(15.9, 24.0)	−1.5	(−7.2, 4.2)	0.93	(0.64, 1.21)
	IPW1 (2)	18.0	(13.9, 22.1)	19.9	(15.9, 24.0)	−2.0	(−7.7, 3.8)	0.90	(0.62, 1.18)
	IPW2 (4)	18.0	(13.9, 22.0)	19.9	(15.9, 24.0)	−2.0	(−7.7, 3.8)	0.90	(0.62, 1.18)
	AIPW1 (5)	18.3	(14.2, 22.4)	20.0	(15.9, 24.0)	−1.6	(−7.3, 4.1)	0.92	(0.64, 1.20)
	AIPW2 (6)	18.3	(14.2, 22.4)	20.0	(15.9, 24.0)	−1.6	(−7.3, 4.1)	0.92	(0.64, 1.20)
	AIPW3 (7)	18.3	(14.2, 22.4)	19.9	(15.9, 23.9)	−1.6	(−7.2, 4.1)	0.92	(0.64, 1.20)