Reference field spectrometric data of albino rice plants

Abstract

Remote sensing is the process of detecting and monitoring a plant's characteristics by measuring its reflected and emitted radiation at a distance, typically from a satellite or aircraft. The handheld leaf spectrometers help validate these images at the field scale. This dataset was captured by the CI-710 s SpectraVue Leaf Spectrometer (Cid-Bioscience, Camas, WA, U.S.A.). The absorbance, reflectance, and transmittance of albino plants were measured under natural cold stress in a temperate rice-growing area [1]. The experiment was carried out in field conditions at the seedling stage. The chlorophyll degradation takes place, starting with the yellowing of the leaf until plant death. Albinos and different level of leaf colour mutants are very useful for research and as well as breeding [2]. The symptoms of cool-temperature-induced chlorosis (CTIC) are widely examined in higher plants, especially in rice [3]. Beside laboratory induction, CTIC is appearing natural low temperature in early spring, especially cold-sensitive genotypes, such as indica rice cultivars (e.g. ‘Dular’) [4]. The dataset contains raw data from 400 nm to 1100 nm with the wavelength data increment of 0.6 nm [5]. These data may provide reliable support to researcher and breeder to make a simple comparison of the extent of chlorophyll degradation.

Specifications Table

Subject	Agricultural Sciences / Agronomy and Crop Science
Specific subject area	Plant physiology of rice plant with non-destructive data acquisition.
Type of data	Raw data in a Table and its Figure
Data collection	The data were collected using a handheld leaf spectrometer (SpectraVue CI-710s, Cid-Bioscience, Camas, WA, U.S.A) on rice plants in the seedling stage. The measurements were taken on the middle part of the albino leaves of two varieties, ‘N22’ and ‘Dular’, with three repetitions.
Data source location	The data were collected at MATE ÖVKI Galambos Rice Research Station (46°52017.500 N, 20°31037.500 E), and stored at the Research Center for Irrigation and Water Management, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szarvas, Hungary, Anna-liget str. 35, 5540
Data accessibility	All of the raw data is available in the following data repository: Repository name: Mendeley Data Data identification number: 10.17632/f8zr2kzrcx.1 Direct URL to data: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/f8zr2kzrcx/1
Related research article	Á. Székely, T. Szalóki, M. Jancsó, J. Pauk, C. Lantos, Temporal Changes of Leaf Spectral Properties and Rapid Chlorophyll—A Fluorescence under Natural Cold Stress in Rice Seedlings, Plants, 12, 2415 (2023) https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132415

1. Value of the Data

• •This data is useful in understanding the level of chlorophyll degradation. Under various stress impacts, such as nitrogen uptake disorder, cold stress, or senescence the degradation of pigments is one of the visible symptoms. Based on this data, researcher can make a comparison between their own data and these albinos to calculate the rate of changes.
• •The resolution of this dataset is very high (0.6 nm) between 400 and 1100 nm.
• •Based on the wide range of the wavelengths, researchers can reuse this dataset to calculate various vegetation indices.
• •Most vegetation indices only use reflectance data, while this dataset contains absorbance, reflectance and transmittance measures.

2. Background

Remote sensing is a very popular method to estimate nutrient status, plant health, yield estimation, or soil moisture. The environmental changes usually cause a change in leaf colour. The theoretical endpoint of the changes in the leaf colour is the pigment-less albino plants. The background of the idea was to determine hyperspectral data for pigment less leaves, because there is no open access raw data to use as a reference. This dataset is connected the abovementioned article. In the article, it was not possible to share the albino plants raw data in details, just used as a reference to calculate some indices to determined cold tolerance under low temperature.

3. Data Description

The dataset presented here contains four Tables (Table 1–4) and three Figures (Fig. 1-3). Table 1 shows albinos’ raw measurements of absorbance, reflectance and transmittance from 400 nm to 1100 nm (Mendeley Data). Table 2 is a secondary data which is an average, calculated from the raw data of the albinos (Mendeley Data). Table 3 shows the list of the genotypes, highlighted by red where albino plants were detected. The temperature data during the experiment are given in the Table 4. Fig. 1 represents the mean of absorbance of six raw measurements. Fig. 2 shows average of reflectance and transmittance. Fig. 3 shows albino plant in the case of ‘Dular’.

Fig. 1.

The mean of six raw measurements of absorbance in the case of albino plants.

Fig. 3.

Albino plants in the case of Dular genotype.

Table 3.

List of genotypes, countries of origin and varietal groups. The red highlights indicate those genotypes in which albino plants were observed during the experiment.

Name	Country of Origin	Varietal Group
Ábel	Hungary	temperate japonica
Dunghan Shali	Hungary	temperate japonica
Sandora (HSC 55)	Hungary	temperate japonica
Kikko	Italy	temperate japonica
Sfera	Italy	temperate japonica
Loto	Italy	temperate japonica
Diamante	Chile	temperate japonica
M 202	U.S.A.	temperate japonica
Nipponbare	Japan	temperate japonica
Mirko	Italy	tropical japonica
IRAT 109	Ivory Coast	tropical japonica
IR60080-46A	Philippines	tropical japonica
$\text{N22}$	$\text{India}$	$\text{aus}$
$\text{Dular}$	$\text{India}$	$\text{aus}$
CO 39	Philippines	indica
IR74371-70-1-1	Philippines	indica

Table 4.

Maximum, mean and minimum air temperature under the experiment.

Date	Tmax	Tmean	Tmin
13.05.2021	19.40	14.46	11.60
14.05.2021	18.70	13.75	9.30
15.05.2021	22.70	14.69	6.90
16.05.2021	18.50	14.24	10.60
17.05.2021	17.70	13.36	9.20
18.05.2021	18.80	14.26	10.20
19.05.2021	19.10	13.20	6.40
20.05.2021	17.10	12.79	10.70
21.05.2021	22.70	15.69	7.70
22.05.2021	20.10	15.45	11.30
23.05.2021	24.00	15.59	10.90
24.05.2021	18.50	14.16	7.40
25.05.2021	24.20	17.98	12.70
26.05.2021	22.30	14.73	6.40
27.05.2021	24.40	16.93	7.20
28.05.2021	22.90	17.32	11.70
29.05.2021	21.30	15.16	9.60
30.05.2021	19.10	13.47	8.00
31.05.2021	18.50	12.92	10.70
01.06.2021	20.80	14.87	8.60
02.06.2021	21.70	15.23	8.60

Fig. 2.

The mean of six raw measurements of reflectance and transmittance in the case of albino plants. The area between them indicates the amount of leaf absorbance.

4. Experimental Design, Materials and Methods

The experimental design is identical to the related research article. The plant materials were selected from the Rice Variety Collection maintained by the MATE ÖVKI Galambos Rice Research Station (46°52,017.500 N 20°31,037.500 E, Szarvas, Hungary). The following genotypes are used in the experiment. Albino plants (Fig. 3) appeared in the case of ‘N22’ and ‘Dular’ rice varieties.

The experiment was carried out in 2021 in the temperate rice growing area. Each genotype was sown in a 1 m row in a paddy field. The measurements were taken at the 2–3 leaf stage by a Spectavue CI-710 s leaf spectrometer (Cid-BioScience, Camas, WA, USA).

The temperature conditions are shown in Table 4. The meteorological data were provided by Boreas Agromet-Solar (Érd, Hungary) automatic meteorological stations.

Limitations

Since the abundance of albino plants is very low even at low temperatures, it is difficult to produce large numbers of albino plants. On the other hand, albino plants are mainly observed in genotypes of tropical origin.

Ethics Statement

The authors declare that the study did not involve work with human subjects, animal's experiments, or sensitive information from social media platforms.

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Árpád Székely: Data curation, Writing – original draft. Tímea Szalóki: Writing – original draft. Mihály Jancsó: Conceptualization, Methodology. János Pauk: Supervision, Supervision, Writing – review & editing. Csaba Lantos: Supervision, Project administration, Writing – review & editing.

Data Availability

• Hyperspectral data of albino rice seedlings. (Original data) (Mendeley Data).