Figure 2.

EEG results: ORN response

(A) Group-averaged (young adult: N = 20; normal-hearing elderly: N = 13; hearing-impaired older elderly: N = 16) central (C3; maximal ORN amplitude) ERP responses to figure (solid line) and no-figure (dashed line) related central (C3 lead) ORN elicited stimuli obtained in the LN (red) and the HN condition (black), respectively, for young normal-hearing and hearing-impaired older listeners.). Zero latency is at the onset of the figure event. Gray vertical bands show the measurement window for ORN while the yellow dashed line indicates the latency. The bar charts on the right side of ORN in young adults. On the panel shown on the right, the effect of NOISE is shown on the barplot for mean ORN amplitude of figure only trials, respectively, for amplitudes (with SEM) separately for the LN and HN conditions and groups. Significant NOISE effects (p < 0.05) are marked by gray lines beside the bar charts.

(B) Scalp distribution of the ORN responses to Figure elicited ORN response, respectively, stimuli for the LN and HN conditions and groups with color scale below. (C) Source localization results of Brain areas sensitive to the NOISE effect (HN vs. LN condition) within the ORN time window.

(C) Significant NOISE effect on source activity (current source density based on dSPM) found in young normal-hearing and hearing-impaired older adult groups separately. (Color scale below).