Table 1.
The use of NIRS-IVUS for predicting subsequent cardiovascular event
| Publication | Aim | Design | Sample size | Primary endpoint | Results | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Culprit | ||||||
| Goldstein et al. [11] | 2011 | To determine whether intracoronary NIRS-IVUS can identify plaques that are likely to cause periprocedural MI in patients undergoing elective PCI | Cohort | 62 | Rate of periprocedural MI | 50% (high LCBI) versus 4.2% (low LCBI) (p = 0.0002) |
| Lim et al. [19] | 2022 | To identify association between LCBI and decreased TIMI flow in patients undergoing PCI | Cohort | 636 | Association between a decreased TIMI flow and LCBI | Odds ratio of high LCBI for decreased TIMI flow (2.59, 95% CI 1.33–5.04; p = 0.005) |
| Non-culprit | ||||||
| Waksman et al. [21] | 2019 | Assessing the ability of NIRS-IVUS imaging to detect vulnerable patients and vulnerable plaques | Cohort | 1,271 | Association between maxLCBI4mm and non-culprit major adverse cardiovascular events | Hazard ratio of high LCBI for NC-MACE (1.89, 95% CI 1.26–2.83; p = 0.0021) |
| Stone et al. [22] | 2020 | Pilot randomized trial of PCI treatment of vulnerable plaques to inform a future large-scale pivotal study | RCT | 182 | IVUS-derived minimum lumen area | BVS versus GDMT alone |
| Target lesion failure | MLA: 6.9±2.6 mm2 versus 3.0±1.0 mm2; p < 0.0001 | |||||
| TLF: 4.3% versus 10.7%; p = 0.12 | ||||||
| Erlinge et al. [23] | 2021 | To validate the use of NIRS-IVUS for identification of non-obstructive lipid-rich plaques that are prone to cause future cardiac events | Cohort | 898 (3,629 vessel) | Composite endpoint including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or progressive angina arising from untreated non-culprit lesions | Hazard ratio of high LCBI for NC-MACE (2.27, 95% CI 1.25–4.13; p = 0.0071) |
| Biccirè et al. [24] | 2023 | To analyze the proportions, determinants, and prognostic implications of triple regression (atheroma volume reduction, lipid content reduction, and increase in fibrous cap) | RCT | 265 | The composite endpoint of death, myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven revascularization | Triple regression for composite endpoints (yes vs. no; 8.3% vs. 18.2%; p = 0.04) |