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. 1992 Mar;35(2):106–112. doi: 10.1007/BF01741857

Rat macrophage activation after treatment with the bleomycin group of antitumour antibiotics in vivo

Mark Micallef 1,✉, Masuo Hosokawa 1, Yuji Togashi 1, Hiroshi Kobayashi 1
PMCID: PMC11038751  PMID: 1375871

Abstract

We have previously reported that bleomycin and its derivative peplomycin enhance the release of cytokines by rat spleen cells during mitogen-stimulated cell culture in vitro, but liblomycin, another derivative of bleomycin, decreases cytokine release to below untreated control levels. Cytokine release correlated well with the inhibition of subcutaneous tumour growth after treatment with equivalent doses of the three analogues. In contrast, ascites tumour growth is completely inhibited by liblomycin and appears to be at least partly macrophage-mediated because the antitumour effect can be significantly inhibited by carageenan. This study shows that bleomycin and its analogues activate rat peritoneal macrophages and increase interleukin-6 release, O2 − production, cell spreading, phagocytosis and random migration of macrophages, but only bleomycin enhances peritoneal macrophage invasion into a monolayer of rat lung endothelial cells in vitro. This study also shows that although liblomycin decreases spleen cell cytokine production and is less effective than bleomycin against subcutaneous tumour, as we have previously reported, the antitumour drug activates peritoneal macrophages and, compared to bleomycin, has a remarkable therapeutic effect on rat ascites tumour.

Key words: Bleomycin group, Macrophage activation, Macrophage infiltration, Ascites tumour

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