Figure 3. Patrilineal succession.

Temporal distribution of key Y-chromosome haplogroups from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, and comparative regions of Europe and West Asia 6000–1000 BCE. The Early and Middle Bronze Age group includes the Yamnaya, Afanasievo, Poltavka, Catacomb, Chemurchek, and North Caucasus cultures; the Middle and Late Bronze Age group individuals of diverse cultures down to 1000 BCE including those of the Sintashta, Andronovo, Potapovka, and Srubnaya cultures.