Table 2.
Main findings of included studies
| Study | Primary outcome or measure of interest | Change in depression scores | Response rate | Remission rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carhart-Harris et al 202163 | QIDS (change from baseline at 6 weeks), patient reported | −8 points for psilocybin v −6 points for escitalopram (P>0.05) | 21 (70%) for psilocybin v 14 (48%) for escitalopram (non-significant difference: 95% CI −3% to 48%) | 17 (57%) for psilocybin v 8 (29%) for escitalopram (95% CI 2.3% to 53.8%) |
| Barba et al 202264 | RRS for rumination (change from baseline at 6 weeks) | Significant change from baseline for psilocybin (mean difference −7.76, P<0.001) Non-significant change from baseline for escitalopram (P>0.05) |
Not reported | Not reported |
| Goodwin et al 202218 | MADRS (change from baseline at 3 weeks), clinician assessed | −12.0 points for 25 mg group v −5.4 points for 1 mg group (95% CI −10.2 to−2.9, P<0.001) −7.9 points for 10 mg group v −5.4 points for 1 mg group (P>0.05) |
29 (37%) in 25 mg group v 14 (19%) in 10 mg group (odds ratio 2.9, 95% CI 1.2 to 6.6) 14 (19%) in 10 mg group v 14 (18%) in 1 mg group (P>0.05) |
23 (29%) in 25 mg group v 7 (9%) in 10 mg group (odds ratio 4.8, 95% CI 1.8 to 12.8) 7 (9%) in 10 mg group v 6 (8%) in 1 mg group (P>0.05) |
| Goodwin et al 202365 | QIDS (change from baseline at 3 weeks), patient reported | −6.3 points for 25 mg group v −3.6 points for 1 mg group (95% CI −4.6 to−0.9) −5.2 points for 10 mg group v −3.6 points for 1 mg group (P>0.05) |
Not reported | Not reported |
| von Rotz et al 202366 | MADRS (change from baseline at 2 weeks), clinician assessed | −13.0 points in MADRS (95% CI −15.0 to−1.3, P=0.001) −13.2 points in BDI (95% CI −13.4 to−1.3, P=0.02) |
15 (58%) for psilocybin v 4 (15%) for placebo (P=0.003) BDI: 14 (54%) for psilocybin v 3 (12%) for placebo (P=0.003) |
MADRS: 14 (54%) for psilocybin v 3 (12%) for placebo (P=0.002) BDI: 12 (46%) for psilocybin v 3 (12%) for placebo (P=0.01) |
| Grob et al 201115 | BDI (change from baseline at 2 weeks), patient reported | No significant changes from baseline in either group (P>0.05) | Not reported | Not reported |
| Griffiths et al 201614 | BDI (change from baseline at 5 weeks), patient reported | −10.8 points for 22 mg group v −5.5 points for 1 mg group (P<0.01) | 92% in 22 mg group v 32% in 1 mg group (P<0.001) | 60% in 22 mg group v 16% in 1 mg group (P<0.01) |
| Ross et al 201617 | BDI (change from baseline at 2 and 6 weeks), patient reported | −8.5 for psilocybin v −3.3 for placebo at 2 weeks (P<0.05) and −8.6 for psilocybin v −2.8 for placebo at 6 weeks (P<0.05) | 86% in psilocybin group v 16% for placebo (P<0.01) | 86% in psilocybin group v 16% for placebo (P<0.01) |
| Ross et al 202167 | Demoralisation scale | Significantly lower post-treatment scores for psilocybin (P<0.001), but not placebo (P>0.05) | Not reported | Not reported |
BDI=Beck depression inventory; CI=confidence interval; MADRS=Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale; QIDS=quick inventory of depressive symptomatology, RRS=ruminative response scale; SD=standard deviation.