Table 5.

Selected health functions of hemp seed’s nutrients.

Nutrients	Benefits to Human Health	References
Bioactive peptides	Antioxidant activity	[2]
	Antihypertensive	[14]
	Antimicrobial effect	[29]
	Hypocholesterolemic effect	[48]
	Hypoglycemic activity	[57]
Arginine	Vasodilatory properties	[14]
Polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids	Antioxidant activity	[19]
	Reduce arrhythmias and heart disease	[54]
	Support the health of blood vessels
	Support nervous system
Dietary fibers	Positive effects on the digestive tract	[48,49]
	Hypocholesterolemic effects	[14]
	Hypoglycemic activity
Terpenes	Protect against oxidative stress	[19,73]
	Improve well-being (reduce physical pain and tension, balance mood and appetite control, improve cognitive functions, and support sleep and anxiety management)	[2,74]
	Anti-inflammatory and anticatabolic effects	[22]
	Enhance insulin secretion, sensitivity, and glucose uptake	[75,76]
	Lowers triglyceride and cholesterol levels
	Maintain lipid homeostasis
	Hypolipidemic activity
Flavonoids	Anticancer properties	[20]
	Anti-neuroinflammatory effect
	Antioxidant activity	[19]
	Anti-inflammatory activities	[22]
	Maintain cardiovascular health	[57,77]
Phytosterols	Hypocholesterolemic effect	[48,49]
	Anti-inflammatory effect	[54]
	Maintain cardiovascular health	[22,57]
Carotenoids	Antioxidant activity	[13,19]
	Anti-neurodegenerative effect	[34]
	Improve bone health	[2]
Cannabidiol	Pain management	[79,86]
	Positive effects on the digestive tract
	Anxiolytic, antidepressant
Vitamins and minerals	Antioxidant activity	[19,50]
	Hypoglycemic activity	[67]
	Improve bone health and immune system
	Improve nervous system function	[2,67,68]