Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2024 Jun 17;132(6):067004. doi: 10.1289/EHP13947

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

EHP is an open-access journal published with support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. All content is public domain unless otherwise noted.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 5 is a forest plot, plotting subgroup with hazard ratio (95 percent confidence interval) and difference, ranging as (bottom to top), Household cooking fuel, including clean with 0.37 (0.16, 0.83) and reference group and unclean with 0.72 (0.36, 1.46) and 0.22; drinking status, including nondrinker with 0.44 (0.23, 0.83) and reference group and drinker with 0.83 (0.38, 1.83) and 0.22; smoking status, including nonsmoker with 0.53 (0.29, 0.98) and reference group and smoker with 0.58 (0.26, 1.30) and 0.87; Region, including Southern China with 0.50 (0.26, 0.95) and reference group and Northern China with 0.77 (0.37, 1.59) and 0.38; Annual family income (Yuan), including low (less than or equal to 18,000) with 0.79 (0.42, 1.50) and reference group and high (greater than 18,000) with 0.28 (0.11, 0.71) and 0.07; Urbanicity, including Rural with 0.71 (0.37, 1.37) and reference group and Urban with 0.32 (0.12, 0.86) and 0.19; Age (years), including less than 60 with 0.54 (0.24, 1.18) and reference group and greater than or equal to 60 with 0.57 (0.30, 1.07) and 0.91; Sex, including male with 0.48 (0.22, 1.04) and reference group and female with 0.57 (0.30, 1.09) and 0.74; and total with 0.56 (0.34, 0.92) (y-axis) across depression incidence for residential greenness, ranging from 0 to 2 in unit increments (x-axis). — The HRs and 95% CIs of depression incidence for residential greenness (each IQR increment in NDVI $500-meter$ buffer) among SAGE participants in China ( $lowercase italic n equals 8,481$ ). Adjustment for sex, age, marital status, urbanicity, education, annual family income, region, smoking status, drinking status, and household cooking fuel. In subgroup analyses, other confounders except for the subgroup category variable, analyzed as an independent variable, were adjusted for. A time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression model was used. $p$ For difference values were calculated by Z-tests. The error bars in the figure are its 95% CI, the dots are the HR. Note: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IQR, interquartile range; NDVI, normalized difference vegetation index; Ref, Reference group; SAGE, Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health.