Table.

Different types of road traffic crash

Mechanism of crash	Injury pattern	Extrication required
Pedestrian knocked down—low speed	Knee and lower leg, pelvis, degloving
Pedestrian knocked down—high speed	Head, chest, abdomen, pelvis
“T bone” from right	Head, right side of chest, liver, right femur, pelvis	Roof removal, steering wheel removal, B post rip
“T bone” from left	Head, left chest, spleen, left femur, pelvis	Roof removal, B post rip
Frontal collision	Head, anterior chest, posterior dislocation of hip, knee, lower leg	Roof removal, steering wheel removal, B post rip, dashboard roll
Frontal oblique	Head, chest, thoracic spine, pelvis, femurs, lower legs	Roof removal, steering wheel removal, pedal pull, dashboard roll
Rollover	Head, cervical spine, chest	Stabilisation, making space
Rear end shunt	Cervical spine	Roof removal, possibly B post rip
Motorcyclist, high speed	All body areas, especially head, chest, thoracic spine, and brachial plexus
Cyclist under lorry turning left	Head, lower body crush, degloving