Table 3.
Sources of hepatic glycogen synthesis in mice fed with standard chow (SC), high-fat chow (HF), standard chow plus high-fructose corn syrup formulation in the drinking water (HS) and high-fat chow plus high-fructose corn syrup formulation in the drinking water (HFHS). The sources are resolved into Direct and Indirect pathways, with the Indirect pathway further resolved into substrates metabolized via the anaplerotic pathways of the Krebs cycle (KC) or via triose-P intermediates (TP). For HS and HFHS mice, the fractional contribution of the HFCS-fructose component to glycogen synthesis via all indirect pathways (Frutotal) is resolved into contributions via KC (FruKC) and TP (FruTP). Values are expressed as means accompanied by their standard deviations in parentheses. For Direct and Indirect pathway fractions column, significant differences in values between the four diets are denoted by different superscript letters.
| Diet | Direct Pathway | Indirect Pathways | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | KC | TP | FruKC | FruTP | Frutotal | ||
| SC | 71 (3) a | 29 (3) a | 19 (3) a | 10 (1) a | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
| HF | 52 (4) b | 47 (2) b | 34 (3) b | 12 (3) a,c | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
| HS | 64 (6) c | 36 (6) c | 12 (3) c | 24 (5) b | 1 (1) | 16 (8) ** | 17 (9) ** |
| HFHS | 60 (3) c | 40 (3) c | 21 (4) a | 20 (3) b,c | 1 (1) | 11 (5) | 11 (6) |
** significantly different from HFHS, p < 0.01 (Mann-Whitney test).