Incomplete ethical statements were included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Gastro Hep Advances.
The appropriate ethical information, provided by the Authors, are included below:
1. “Health Care Resource Use and Associated Costs of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in the United States” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2022;1(6): 963-973] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2022.06.013
Additional Ethical Information: All database records are de-identified and fully compliant with United States patient confidentiality requirements, including the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Because this study uses only de-identified patient records and does not involve the collection, use, or transmittal of individually identifiable data, the data does not involve human subjects (per the definition of human subjects in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 45 Part 46.102(e)). Thus, this study was exempted from Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval.
2. “Potential Impact of Extending Surveillance Intervals for Patients With 1–2 Low-Risk Adenomas” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(3): 298-300] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2022.11.011
Additional Ethical Information: This study was approved by the VA San Diego IRB, project number 1174606.
3. “Increasing Rates of Esophageal Stricture and Dilation Over 2 Decades in Eosinophilic Esophagitis” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(4): 521-523] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2022.12.006
Additional Ethical Information: This study was approved by the UNC IRB (#13-2623).
4. “Temporal Trends in Perceptions of Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Risks and Benefits in an Online Community of Patients With Crohn’s Disease” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(4): 549-555] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2022.12.007
Additional Ethical Information: This was research done on the online platform Reddit which is accessible to the public. As such, there were no patient identifiers, and it did not require IRB approval.
5. “Exposure to Anti-TNF Medications Does Not Increase the Risk of Cardiac Arrhythmia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023; 2(4): 478-479] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.01.019
Additional Ethical Information: Register based research in Denmark does not require ethical approval. The study was approved the Danish Data Protection Agency.
6. “Gender, Race, and Ethnic Representation of Incoming Transplant Hepatology Fellows: A 14-Year Analysis of Fellowship Diversity” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(6): 765-767] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.04.007
Additional Ethical Information: This project was exempt from IRB approval due to the fact that the gathered data/information is publicly available. Therefore, the review process was waived.
7. “Sadness and Anxiety Modify the Relationship Between COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Symptoms at 6–12 Months of Follow-up” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(7): 918-924] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.06.006
Additional Ethical Information: The study was approved by the Columbia University Institutional Review Board with protocol number AAAT4109.
8. “Comparing Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Intestinal Methanogen Overgrowth: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(7): 925-927] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.07.001
Additional Ethical Information: This research was declared exempt by the University of Pennsylvania IRB (PROTOCOL#: 842683)
9. “Evaluating Performance of IsoformSwitchAnalyzeR and mRNA Isoform Switching in Small Intestine Epithelial Differentiation” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(8): 1077-1081] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.08.008
Additional Ethical Information: The studies using mice were approved by the Rutgers IACUC.
10. “Short-Term and Long-Term Opioid Use Is Associated With Poor Outcomes in Outpatients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(8): 1022-1024] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.08.009
Additional Ethical Information: This study used deidentified data from the TriNetX Diamond Network. TriNetX is in compliance with the HIPAA Privacy rule and the deidentification process is certified through a qualified expert. Therefore, use of this data does not require ethical approval from an institutional review board.
11. “Intense and Sustained Alcohol Consumption Associated With Acute Pancreatitis Warrants Early Intervention” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2024;3(1): 61-63] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.08.017
Additional Ethical Information: Our human subjects study was approved by the Cedars-Sinai IRB. (STUDY00000364).
12. “Health-Related Social Needs in Patients With Gastroparesis: Relationships to Symptom Severity and Quality of Life” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2024;3(1): 48-54] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.09.001
Additional Ethical Information: This study was reviewed and approved by the Temple University IRB (protocol number 29675).
13. “Pediatric Pancreaticobiliary Endoscopy Can Be Safely and Effectively Performed by Adult Advanced Endoscopists” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2024;3(1): 128-130] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.09.003
Additional Ethical Information: As a retrospective review, this study did not require the approval of an institutional review board.
14. “Fecal Leukocyte Esterase, an Alternative Biomarker to Fecal Calprotectin in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Series” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2022;1(1): 45-51] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2021.10.006
Additional Ethical Information: This study was approved by the University of British Columbia Research Ethics Board.
15. “Multicenter Study of Nonadherence to Self-Injectable Biologic Therapy in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Risk Factors and Outcomes” [Gastro Hep Advances, 2023;2(4): 601-607] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2023.01.016
Additional Ethical Information: This research was approved by the IRB at all sites.