Table 3.
Clinicopathological features of the CSS and non-CSS groups after propensity score matching
| CSS group | Non-CSS group | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lesions, n (%) | 423 | 423 | |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 69.8 (9.7) | 69.6 (10.9) | 0.81 |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.83 | ||
| Male | 259 (61.2) | 263 (62.2) | |
| Female | 164 (38.8) | 160 (37.8) | |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||
| Atrial fibrillation | 20 (4.7) | 15 (3.5) | 0.49 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 21 (5.0) | 25 (5.9) | 0.65 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 31 (7.3) | 35 (8.3) | 0.70 |
| Chronic kidney disease in HD, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
| Antithrombotic therapy, n (%) | |||
| Aspirin | 32 (7.6) | 33 (7.8) | >0.99 |
| Thienopyridine derivatives | 15 (3.5) | 17 (4.0) | 0.86 |
| Cilostazol | 13 (3.1) | 15 (3.5) | 0.85 |
| Warfarin | 4 (0.9) | 6 (1.4) | 0.75 |
| DOAC | 18 (3.5) | 15 (4.3) | 0.72 |
| Others | 17 (4.0) | 21 (4.7) | 0.74 |
| Antithrombotic agent use, n (%) | |||
| Single | 62 (14.7) | 59 (13.9) | 0.84 |
| Doublet | 15 (3.5) | 16 (3.8) | 0.87 |
| Triplet | 2 (0.5) | 4 (0.9) | 0.69 |
| Heparin replacement, n (%) | 7 (1.7) | 11 (2.6) | 0.48 |
| Expert, n (%) | 350 (82.7) | 365 (86.3) | 0.18 |
| CSS, n (%) | – | ||
| 50 mg | 24 (5.7) | 0 (0) | |
| 100 mg | 399 (94.3) | 0 (0) | |
| CSS duration, n (%) | – | ||
| Day 0–1 | 89 (21.0) | 0 (0) | |
| Day 0–2 | 334 (79.0) | 0 (0) | |
| Hb, mean (SD), g/dL | |||
| Preoperative Hb | 13.8 (1.7) | 13.7 (1.7) | 0.44 |
| Postoperative Hb on POD1 | 13.0 (1.7) | 13.2 (1.7) | 0.07 |
| Tumor location, n (%) | 0.87 | ||
| Right-side colon | 205 (48.5) | 210 (49.6) | |
| Left-side colon | 98 (23.2) | 100 (23.6) | |
| Rectum | 120 (28.4) | 113 (26.7) | |
| Macroscopic type, n (%) | 0.99 | ||
| LST-G | 203 (48.0) | 201 (47.5) | |
| LST-NG | 128 (30.3) | 128 (30.3) | |
| Protruded | 92 (21.7) | 94 (22.2) | |
| Histology, n (%) | >0.99 | ||
| Tubular adenoma | 185 (43.7) | 199 (43.7) | |
| Adenocarcinoma | 200 (47.3) | 185 (47.0) | |
| SSL | 38 (9.0) | 39 (9.0) | |
| SSL with dysplasia | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Depth, n (%) | 0.85 | ||
| SM | 63 (14.9) | 60 (14.2) | |
| Fibrosis, n (%) | 25 (5.9) | 27 (6.4) | 0.89 |
| Tumor size, mean (SD), mm | 26.5 (15.2) | 25.9 (13.2) | 0.52 |
| Resection time, mean (SD), minutes | 71.6 (54.8) | 68.6 (57.9) | 0.43 |
| En bloc resection, n (%) | 415 (98.1) | 390 (92.2) | <0.01 |
| Post-ESD bleeding, n (%) | 15 (3.5) | 14 (3.3) | >0.99 |
| Post-ESD bleeding within 24 h, n (%) | 4 (0.9) | 9 (2.1) | 0.26 |
| Intraoperative perforation, n (%) | 12 (2.8) | 20 (4.7) | 0.21 |
| Delayed perforation, n (%) | 7 (1.7) | 9 (2.1) | 0.80 |
| Endoscopic suture, n (%) | 0.73 | ||
| Suture of post-ESD defects | 79 (18.7) | 84 (19.9) | |
| Unclosure of post-ESD defects | 344 (81.3) | 339 (80.1) | |
CSS, carbazochrome sodium sulfonate; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; HD, hemodialysis; LST, laterally spreading tumor; SD, standard deviation; SM, submucosal; SSL, sessile serrated lesion; Hb, hemoglobin; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant.