Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Total Rotterdam Study Population, Including Individuals With and Without Migraine
| Total study population | All (n = 7,266) | With (a history of) migraine (n = 1,085) | Without (a history of) migraine (n = 6,181) |
| Aura (%) | 221 (3.0) | 221 (20.4) | — |
| Female (%) | 4,181 (57.5) | 884 (81.5) | 3,297 (53.3) |
| Age (y) | 66.6 [56.4−74.8] | 62.2 [55.5−72.8] | 66.9 [56.5−75.2] |
| Education level (%) | |||
| Primary education | 692 (9.5) | 100 (9.2) | 592 (9.6) |
| Lower/intermediate general education or lower vocational education | 2,906 (40.0) | 490 (45.2) | 2,416 (39.1) |
| Intermediate vocational education or higher general education | 2,114 (29.1) | 273 (25.2) | 1841 (29.8) |
| Higher vocational education or university | 1,554 (21.4) | 222 (20.5) | 1,332 (21.5) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.1 [24.7−29.9] | 27.3 [24.5−30.1] | 27.0 [24.7−29.9] |
| Obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2) (%) | 1764 (24.3) | 276 (25.4) | 1,488 (24.1) |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.88 [0.82−0.95] | 0.86 [0.80−0.91] | 0.89 [0.83−0.95] |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 139 [125−155] | 138 [124−154] | 140 [126−156] |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 83 [76−91] | 83 [77−91] | 83 [76−91] |
| Hypertension (%) | 4,963 (68.3) | 720 (66.4) | 4,243 (68.6) |
| Antihypertensive drug use (%) | 2,960 (40.7) | 435 (40.1) | 2,525 (40.9) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.4 [4.8−6.2] | 5.6 [4.9−6.3] | 5.4 [4.7−6.1] |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 [1.2−1.7] | 1.5 [1.2−1.8] | 1.4 [1.1−1.7] |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.3 [1.0−1.7] | 1.3 [1.0−1.8] | 1.3 [1.0−1.7] |
| Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 3,590 (49.4) | 556 (51.2) | 3,034 (49.1) |
| Lipid-lowering medication use (%) | 1979 (27.2) | 288 (26.5) | 1,691 (27.4) |
| Fasting glucose levels (mmol/L) | 5.4 [5.0−5.9] | 5.3 [5.0−5.8] | 5.4 [5.1−5.9] |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 857 (11.8) | 101 (9.3) | 756 (12.2) |
| Smoking status (%) | |||
| Former | 3,601 (49.6) | 532 (49.0) | 3,069 (49.7) |
| Current | 1,277 (17.6) | 159 (14.7) | 1,118 (18.1) |
| Pack-years of ever smokers | 16.8 [6.0−33.0] | 12.5 [3.5−28.7] | 17.5 [6.3−33.8] |
| Alcohol consumption (gram/day) | 6.4 [0.5−8.6] | 3.8 [0.5−8.6] | 6.4 [0.5−8.6] |
| Physical activity (MET hours/week) | 37.3 [15.0−75.6] | 39.2 [15.2−74.5] | 37.1 [15.0−75.7] |
Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; MET = metabolic equivalent of task.
Note: Imputed and unadjusted values of the cohort, with and without stratification for the migraine diagnosis, are displayed as means (SD) or medians [interquartile range, Q3–Q1] or as numbers (percentage). Anderson-Darling normality test was used to assess normality.
Missing values of variables before imputation: smoking status: 0.04%; alcohol consumption: 0.22%; antihypertensive drug use: 0.45%; lipid-lowering drug use: 0.45%; antidiabetic drug use: 0.45%; educational level: 0.88%; BMI: 6.76%; systolic BP: 8.02%; diastolic BP: 8.02%; total cholesterol: 8.55%; glucose: 8.56%; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: 8.75%; waist-to-hip ratio: 9.01%; triglycerides: 9.47%; and physical activity: 18.54%.