Abstract
The peripheral subunit-binding domain of the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase polypeptide chain of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Bacillus stearothermophilus was released by limited proteolysis from a di-domain (lipoyl domain plus binding domain) encoded by a subgene over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The domain was characterized by N-terminal sequence analysis, electrospray m.s. and c.d. spectroscopy. It was found to be identical in all respects to a chemically synthesized peptide of the same sequence. The association of the di-domain and binding domain (both natural and synthetic) with dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase was analysed in detail and a tight binding was demonstrated. As judged by several different techniques, it was found that only one peripheral subunit-binding domain is bound to one dimer of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, implying that the association is highly anti-cooperative.
Full text
PDF






Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Ali S. T., Guest J. R. Isolation and characterization of lipoylated and unlipoylated domains of the E2p subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Escherichia coli. Biochem J. 1990 Oct 1;271(1):139–145. doi: 10.1042/bj2710139. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Armstrong J., Leadlay P. F., Perham R. N. Synthesis of methyl[3H]acetimidate of high specific radioactivity, a reagent for radiolabeling proteins. Anal Biochem. 1980 Dec;109(2):410–413. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(80)90669-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bates D. L., Danson M. J., Hale G., Hooper E. A., Perham R. N. Self-assembly and catalytic activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli. Nature. 1977 Jul 28;268(5618):313–316. doi: 10.1038/268313a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bates D. L., Harrison R. A., Perham R. N. The stoichiometry of polypeptide chains in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of E. coli determined by a simple novel method. FEBS Lett. 1975 Dec 15;60(2):427–430. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80764-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Borges A., Hawkins C. F., Packman L. C., Perham R. N. Cloning and sequence analysis of the genes encoding the dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Bacillus stearothermophilus. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Nov 26;194(1):95–102. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19432.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dardel F., Davis A. L., Laue E. D., Perham R. N. Three-dimensional structure of the lipoyl domain from Bacillus stearothermophilus pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. J Mol Biol. 1993 Feb 20;229(4):1037–1048. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dardel F., Packman L. C., Perham R. N. Expression in Escherichia coli of a sub-gene encoding the lipoyl domain of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Bacillus stearothermophilus. FEBS Lett. 1990 May 21;264(2):206–210. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)80249-i. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green J. D., Perham R. N., Ullrich S. J., Appella E. Conformational studies of the interdomain linker peptides in the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1992 Nov 25;267(33):23484–23488. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hale G., Hooper E. A., Perham R. N. Amidination of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Escherichia coli under denaturing conditions. Biochem J. 1979 Jan 1;177(1):136–137. doi: 10.1042/bj1770136. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Henderson C. E., Perham R. N. Purificaton of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Bacillus stearothermophilus and resolution of its four component polypeptides. Biochem J. 1980 Jul 1;189(1):161–172. doi: 10.1042/bj1890161. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hipps D. S., Perham R. N. Expression in Escherichia coli of a sub-gene encoding the lipoyl and peripheral subunit-binding domains of the dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Bacillus stearothermophilus. Biochem J. 1992 May 1;283(Pt 3):665–671. doi: 10.1042/bj2830665. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson W. C., Jr Protein secondary structure and circular dichroism: a practical guide. Proteins. 1990;7(3):205–214. doi: 10.1002/prot.340070302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kalia Y. N., Brocklehurst S. M., Hipps D. S., Appella E., Sakaguchi K., Perham R. N. The high-resolution structure of the peripheral subunit-binding domain of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase from the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Bacillus stearothermophilus. J Mol Biol. 1993 Mar 5;230(1):323–341. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1145. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lawson J. E., Niu X. D., Reed L. J. Functional analysis of the domains of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochemistry. 1991 Nov 26;30(47):11249–11254. doi: 10.1021/bi00111a009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mattevi A., Obmolova G., Schulze E., Kalk K. H., Westphal A. H., de Kok A., Hol W. G. Atomic structure of the cubic core of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. Science. 1992 Mar 20;255(5051):1544–1550. doi: 10.1126/science.1549782. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miles J. S., Guest J. R., Radford S. E., Perham R. N. Investigation of the mechanism of active site coupling in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli by protein engineering. J Mol Biol. 1988 Jul 5;202(1):97–106. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90522-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Neagle J. C., Lindsay J. G. Selective proteolysis of the protein X subunit of the bovine heart pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Effects on dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) affinity and enzymic properties of the complex. Biochem J. 1991 Sep 1;278(Pt 2):423–427. doi: 10.1042/bj2780423. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Packman L. C., Borges A., Perham R. N. Amino acid sequence analysis of the lipoyl and peripheral subunit-binding domains in the lipoate acetyltransferase component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex from Bacillus stearothermophilus. Biochem J. 1988 May 15;252(1):79–86. doi: 10.1042/bj2520079. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Packman L. C., Green B., Perham R. N. Lipoylation of the E2 components of the 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes of Escherichia coli. Biochem J. 1991 Jul 1;277(Pt 1):153–158. doi: 10.1042/bj2770153. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Packman L. C., Hipps D. S. The structural domains in the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex from Bacillus stearothermophilus. Biochem Soc Trans. 1991 Nov;19(4):917–922. doi: 10.1042/bst0190917. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Patel M. S., Roche T. E. Molecular biology and biochemistry of pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes. FASEB J. 1990 Nov;4(14):3224–3233. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.4.14.2227213. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Perham R. N. Domains, motifs, and linkers in 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes: a paradigm in the design of a multifunctional protein. Biochemistry. 1991 Sep 3;30(35):8501–8512. doi: 10.1021/bi00099a001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Quinn J., Diamond A. G., Masters A. K., Brookfield D. E., Wallis N. G., Yeaman S. J. Expression and lipoylation in Escherichia coli of the inner lipoyl domain of the E2 component of the human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Biochem J. 1993 Jan 1;289(Pt 1):81–85. doi: 10.1042/bj2890081. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Radford S. E., Laue E. D., Perham R. N., Martin S. R., Appella E. Conformational flexibility and folding of synthetic peptides representing an interdomain segment of polypeptide chain in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 15;264(2):767–775. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Radford S. E., Perham R. N., Ullrich S. J., Appella E. Antibodies against an inter-domain segment of polypeptide chain inhibit active-site coupling in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. FEBS Lett. 1989 Jul 3;250(2):336–340. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80750-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reed L. J., Hackert M. L. Structure-function relationships in dihydrolipoamide acyltransferases. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jun 5;265(16):8971–8974. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reed L. J., Pettit F. H., Eley M. H., Hamilton L., Collins J. H., Oliver R. M. Reconstitution of the Escherichia coli pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Aug;72(8):3068–3072. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.8.3068. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rice J. E., Dunbar B., Lindsay J. G. Sequences directing dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) binding are located on the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1) component of the mammalian 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. EMBO J. 1992 Sep;11(9):3229–3235. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05400.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Robien M. A., Clore G. M., Omichinski J. G., Perham R. N., Appella E., Sakaguchi K., Gronenborn A. M. Three-dimensional solution structure of the E3-binding domain of the dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase core from the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli. Biochemistry. 1992 Apr 7;31(13):3463–3471. doi: 10.1021/bi00128a021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schägger H., von Jagow G. Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins in the range from 1 to 100 kDa. Anal Biochem. 1987 Nov 1;166(2):368–379. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(87)90587-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Texter F. L., Radford S. E., Laue E. D., Perham R. N., Miles J. S., Guest J. R. Site-directed mutagenesis and 1H NMR spectroscopy of an interdomain segment in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli. Biochemistry. 1988 Jan 12;27(1):289–296. doi: 10.1021/bi00401a044. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wagenknecht T., Grassucci R., Radke G. A., Roche T. E. Cryoelectron microscopy of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. J Biol Chem. 1991 Dec 25;266(36):24650–24656. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]


