Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics by disease course at baseline.
| HC | RR-MS | P-MS | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size n | 153 | 187 | 91 | – |
| Gender, female (%) | 85 (55.6) | 141 (75.4) | 66 (72.5) | <0.001 |
| Age, years | 45.9 (13.9) | 44.3 (9.65) | 54.1 (8.82) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.0 ± 5.94 | 27.1 ± 6.15 | 25.6 ± 5.44 | <0.001 |
| Race: | ||||
| Caucasian | 133 (88.1%) | 171 (92.4%) | 86 (94.5%) | – |
| African American | 13 (8.6%) | 9 (4.9%) | 4 (4.4%) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 1 (.66%) | 3 (1.6%) | 1 (1.1%) | |
| Asian | 3 (2.0%) | 1 (.54%) | – | |
| Other | 1 (0.66%) | 1 (.54%) | – | |
| Missing | 2 (1.3%) | 2 (1.1%) | – | |
| Disease duration, years | – | 12.1 (8.47) | 21.5 (11.4) | <0.001 |
| EDSS a | - | 2.5 (1.5-3.5) | 6.0 (5-6.5) | <0.001 |
| Disease-modifying treatments: | ||||
| No treatment | – | 20 (12.0%) | 16 (18.2%) | – |
| Interferon | 67 (40.4%) | 31 (35.2%) | ||
| Glatiramer acetate | 35 (21.1%) | 25 (28.4%) | ||
| Other | 44 (26.5%) | 16 (18.2%) | ||
| Missing | 21 | 3 |
a All of the continuous variables are mean ± standard deviation. EDSS is summarized as median (inter-quartile range). p-values for the differences between the HC and RR-MS groups were based on the independent samples t-test. The frequency of females to males was based on the Fisher exact test. EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale. Interferon-beta category included AVONEX® and REBIF®. The Other category included natalizumab, mitoxantrone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and mycophenolate mofetil.