Table 2.
Biomarkers and bioactive compounds between low and high adherence.
| Global (n = 70) |
Low Adherence (n = 33) |
High Adherence (n = 37) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOMA index | 3.91 [1.97–6.63] | 4.66 [2–7.1] | 3.5 [1.96–5.1] | 0.22 |
| Baseline EPC, mill/events | 30 [10–97.75] | 22.5 [10–101.5] | 45 [9–97.5] | 0.61 |
| EPC’s increase 1, % | 32 (71.1) | 17 (73.9) | 15 (68.2) | 0.67 |
| Betaine, PPM | 3.55 [2.77–4.44] | 3.59 [2.77–4.84] | 3.6 [3.14–4.27] | 0.28 |
| Choline, PPM | 1.89 [1.63–2.34] | 1.87 [1.54–2.49] | 1.86 [1.63–2.15] | 0.97 |
| TMAO, PPM | 0.21 [0.12–0.35] | 0.25 [0.18–0.43] | 0.19 [0.11–0.28] | 0.002 |
| Resistin, ng/mL | 8.62 [6.72–11.85] | 8.83 [6.08–11.5] | 7.96 [6.73–9.83] | 0.4 |
| Leptin, ng/dL | 13 [7.35–33.05] | 12.95 [5.57–20.9] | 15.5 [9.55–47.05] | 0.15 |
| Adiponectin, µg/mL | 11.3 [7.5–14.6] | 10.5 [5.53–12.45] | 11.7 [9.4–15.35] | 0.53 |
1 An EPC increase could only be estimated in 45 out of the total. Results are expressed as median [interquartile range]. p in bold if statistically significant (<0.05).