Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1984 Oct 1;223(1):113–117. doi: 10.1042/bj2230113

Amino acid oxidation and alanine production in rat hemidiaphragm in vitro. Effects of dichloroacetate.

T N Palmer, M A Caldecourt, M C Sugden
PMCID: PMC1144271  PMID: 6149743

Abstract

Dichloroacetate (an activator of pyruvate dehydrogenase) stimulates 14CO2 production from [U-14C]glucose, but not from [U-14C]glutamate, [U-14C]aspartate, [U-14C]- and [1-14C]-valine and [U-14C]- and [1-14C]-leucine. It is concluded (1) that pyruvate dehydrogenase is not rate-limiting in the oxidation to CO2 of amino acids that are metabolized to tricarboxylic acid-cycle intermediates, and (2) that carbohydrate (and not amino acids) is the main carbon precursor in alanine formation in muscle.

Full text

PDF
113

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Chang T. W., Goldberg A. L. The origin of alanine produced in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem. 1978 May 25;253(10):3677–3684. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Crabb D. W., Yount E. A., Harris R. A. The metabolic effects of dichloroacetate. Metabolism. 1981 Oct;30(10):1024–1039. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(81)90105-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Felig P. Amino acid metabolism in man. Annu Rev Biochem. 1975;44:933–955. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.44.070175.004441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Garber A. J., Karl I. E., Kipnis D. M. Alanine and glutamine synthesis and release from skeletal muscle. IV. beta-Adrenergic inhibition of amino acid release. J Biol Chem. 1976 Feb 10;251(3):851–857. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Goldstein L., Newsholme E. A. The formation of alanine from amino acids in diaphragm muscle of the rat. Biochem J. 1976 Feb 15;154(2):555–558. doi: 10.1042/bj1540555. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Goodman M. N., Ruderman N. B., Aoki T. T. Glucose and amino acid metabolism in perfused skeletal muscle. Effect of dichloroacetate. Diabetes. 1978 Nov;27(11):1065–1074. doi: 10.2337/diab.27.11.1065. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Lee S. H., Davis E. J. Carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions. Anaplerotic flux and removal of citrate cycle intermediates in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem. 1979 Jan 25;254(2):420–430. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. McAllister A., Allison S. P., Randle P. J. Effects of dichloroacetate on the metabolism of glucose, pyruvate, acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate and palmitate in rat diaphragm and heart muscle in vitro and on extraction of glucose, lactate, pyruvate and free fatty acids by dog heart in vivo. Biochem J. 1973 Aug;134(4):1067–1081. doi: 10.1042/bj1341067. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Odedra B. R., Palmer T. N. A putative pathway of glyconeogenesis in skeletal muscle. Biosci Rep. 1981 Feb;1(2):157–165. doi: 10.1007/BF01117013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Palmer T. N., Caldecourt M. A., Slavin J. P. Pyruvate kinase and alanine synthesis in skeletal muscle. Biosci Rep. 1982 Nov;2(11):941–948. doi: 10.1007/BF01114901. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Palmer T. N., Caldecourt M. A., Sugden M. C. Adrenergic inhibition of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase in rat diaphragm muscle in vitro. Biochem J. 1983 Oct 15;216(1):63–70. doi: 10.1042/bj2160063. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Pardridge W. M., Duducgian-Vartavarian L., Casanello-Ertl D. Effects of dichloroacetate on the lactate/pyruvate ratio and on aspartate and leucine metabolism in cultured rat skeletal muscle cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1983 Jan 1;32(1):97–100. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90659-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Sans R. M., Jolly W. W., Harris R. A. Studies on the regulation of leucine catabolism. Mechanism responsible for oxidizable substrate inhibition and dichloroacetate stimulation of leucine oxidation by the heart. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1980 Apr 1;200(2):336–345. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(80)90363-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Snell K., Duff D. A. The hepato-muscular metabolic axis and gluconeogenesis. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1982;102(Pt 100):279–291. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Snell K., Duff D. A. The release of alanine by rat diaphragm muscle in vitro. Biochem J. 1977 Feb 15;162(2):399–403. doi: 10.1042/bj1620399. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Snell K. Muscle alanine synthesis and hepatic gluconeogenesis. Biochem Soc Trans. 1980 Apr;8(2):205–213. doi: 10.1042/bst0080205. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES