Abstract
The absence of keratan sulphate synthesis from skeletal tissues of young and mature mice and rats has been confirmed by (1) analysis of specific enzyme degradation products of newly synthesized glycosaminoglycans, and (2) immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay using a monoclonal antibody directed against keratan sulphate. Approx. 98% of the [35S]glycosaminoglycans synthesized in vivo by mouse and rat costal cartilage, and all of those of lumbar disc, are chondroitin sulphate. The remainder in costal cartilage were identified as heparan sulphate in mature rats. In contrast, [35S]glycosaminoglycans synthesized by cornea of both species comprised both chondroitin sulphate and keratan sulphate. In mice keratan sulphate accounted for 12-25% and in rats 40-50% of the total [35S]glycosaminoglycans, depending on the age of the animal. Experiments in vitro with organ culture of cartilage and cornea confirm these results. Absence of keratan sulphate from mouse costal cartilage and lumbar disc D1-proteoglycans was corroborated by inhibition radioimmunoassay with the monoclonal antibody MZ15 and by lack of staining for keratan sulphate in indirect immunofluorescence studies using the same antibody.
Full text
PDF







Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Adams P., Muir H. Qualitative changes with age of proteoglycans of human lumbar discs. Ann Rheum Dis. 1976 Aug;35(4):289–296. doi: 10.1136/ard.35.4.289. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bayliss M. T., Ridgway G. D., Ali S. Y. Delayed aggregation of proteoglycans in adult human articular cartilage. Biosci Rep. 1984 Oct;4(10):827–833. doi: 10.1007/BF01138164. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bhavanandan V. P., Meyer K. Mucopolysaccharides: N-acetylglucosamine- and galactose-6-sulfates from keratosulfate. Science. 1966 Mar 18;151(3716):1404–1405. doi: 10.1126/science.151.3716.1404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Caterson B., Christner J. E., Baker J. R. Identification of a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes corneal and skeletal keratan sulfate. Monoclonal antibodies to cartilage proteoglycan. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jul 25;258(14):8848–8854. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Comper W. D., Laurent T. C. Physiological function of connective tissue polysaccharides. Physiol Rev. 1978 Jan;58(1):255–315. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1978.58.1.255. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- De Luca S., Lohmander L. S., Nilsson B., Hascall V. C., Caplan A. I. Proteoglycans from chick limb bud chondrocyte cultures. Keratan sulfate and oligosaccharides which contain mannose and sialic acid. J Biol Chem. 1980 Jul 10;255(13):6077–6083. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Faltz L. L., Reddi A. H., Hascall G. K., Martin D., Pita J. C., Hascall V. C. Characteristics of proteoglycans extracted from the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma with associative solvents. J Biol Chem. 1979 Feb 25;254(4):1375–1380. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Garg H. G., Swann D. A. Age-related changes in the chemical composition of bovine articular cartilage. The structure of high-density proteoglycans. Biochem J. 1981 Feb 1;193(2):459–468. doi: 10.1042/bj1930459. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ghosh P., Taylor T. K., Braund K. G. The variation of the glycosaminoglycans of the canine intervertebral disc with ageing. I. Chondrodystrophoid breed. Gerontology. 1977;23(2):87–98. doi: 10.1159/000212177. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hassell J. R., Newsome D. A., Hascall V. C. Characterization and biosynthesis of proteoglycans of corneal stroma from rhesus monkey. J Biol Chem. 1979 Dec 25;254(24):12346–12354. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heinegård D., Wieslander J., Sheehan J., Paulsson M., Sommarin Y. Separation and characterization of two populations of aggregating proteoglycans from cartilage. Biochem J. 1985 Jan 1;225(1):95–106. doi: 10.1042/bj2250095. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Inerot S., Heinegård D. Bovine tracheal cartilage proteoglycans. Variations in structure and composition with age. Coll Relat Res. 1983 May;3(3):245–262. doi: 10.1016/s0174-173x(83)80007-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KAPLAN D., MEYER K. Ageing of human cartilage. Nature. 1959 May 2;183(4670):1267–1268. doi: 10.1038/1831267a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kempson G. E., Muir H., Swanson S. A., Freeman M. A. Correlations between stiffness and the chemical constituents of cartilage on the human femoral head. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Jul 21;215(1):70–77. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(70)90388-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kempson G. E., Tuke M. A., Dingle J. T., Barrett A. J., Horsfield P. H. The effects of proteolytic enzymes on the mechanical properties of adult human articular cartilage. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 May 28;428(3):741–760. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(76)90205-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kleinman H. K., Pennypacker J. P., Brown K. S. Proteoglycan and collagen of "achondroplastic" (cn/cn) neonatal mouse cartilage. Growth. 1977 Sep;41(3):171–177. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klintworth G. K., Smith C. F. A comparative study of extracellular sulfated glycosaminoglycans synthesized by rabbit corneal fibroblasts in organ and confluent cultures. Lab Invest. 1976 Sep;35(3):258–263. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lohmander L. S., De Luca S., Nilsson B., Hascall V. C., Caputo C. B., Kimura J. H., Heinegard D. Oligosaccharides on proteoglycans from the swarm rat chondrosarcoma. J Biol Chem. 1980 Jul 10;255(13):6084–6091. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lohmander S., Antonopoulos C. A., Friberg U. Chemical and metabolic heterogeneity of chondroitin sulfate and keratin sulfate in guinea pig cartilage and nucleus pulposus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Apr 28;304(2):430–448. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(73)90263-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Madsen K., Moskalewski S., von der Mark K., Friberg U. Synthesis of proteoglycans, collagen, and elastin by cultures of rabbit auricular chondrocytes--relation to age of the donor. Dev Biol. 1983 Mar;96(1):63–73. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(83)90311-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mason R. M., Wusteman F. S. The glycosaminoglycans of human tracheobronchial cartilage. Biochem J. 1970 Dec;120(4):777–785. doi: 10.1042/bj1200777. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mason R. M., d'Arville C., Kimura J. H., Hascall V. C. Absence of covalently linked core protein from newly synthesized hyaluronate. Biochem J. 1982 Dec 1;207(3):445–457. doi: 10.1042/bj2070445. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mathews M. B., Cifonelli J. A. Comparative biochemistry of keratosulfates. J Biol Chem. 1965 Nov;240(11):4140–4145. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nakazawa K., Suzuki S. Purification of Keratan Sulfate-endogalactosidase and its action on keratan sulfates of different origin. J Biol Chem. 1975 Feb 10;250(3):912–917. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nilsson B., Nakazawa K., Hassell J. R., Newsome D. A., Hascall V. C. Structure of oligosaccharides and the linkage region between keratan sulfate and the core protein on proteoglycans from monkey cornea. J Biol Chem. 1983 May 25;258(10):6056–6063. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oegema T. R., Jr, Bradford D. S., Cooper K. M. Aggregated proteoglycan synthesis in organ cultures of human nucleus pulposus. J Biol Chem. 1979 Nov 10;254(21):10579–10581. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oohira A., Nogami H. Age-related changes in physical and chemical properties of proteoglycans synthesized by costal and matrix-induced cartilages in the rat. J Biol Chem. 1980 Feb 25;255(4):1346–1350. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orkin R. W., Pratt R. M., Martin G. R. Undersulfated chondroitin sulfate in the cartilage matrix of brachymorphic mice. Dev Biol. 1976 May;50(1):82–94. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(76)90069-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roughley P. J., White R. J. Age-related changes in the structure of the proteoglycan subunits from human articular cartilage. J Biol Chem. 1980 Jan 10;255(1):217–224. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roughley P. J., White R. J., Santer V. Comparison of proteoglycans extracted from high and low weight-bearing human articular cartilage, with particular reference to sialic acid content. J Biol Chem. 1981 Dec 25;256(24):12699–12704. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SENO N., MEYER K., ANDERSON B., HOFFMAN P. VARIATIONS IN KERATOSULFATES. J Biol Chem. 1965 Mar;240:1005–1010. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shively J. E., Conrad H. E. Formation of anhydrosugars in the chemical depolymerization of heparin. Biochemistry. 1976 Sep 7;15(18):3932–3942. doi: 10.1021/bi00663a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Simůnek Z., Muir H. Changes in the protein-polysaccharides of pig articular cartilage during prenatal life, development and old age. Biochem J. 1972 Feb;126(3):515–523. doi: 10.1042/bj1260515. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stevens R. L., Ewins R. J., Revell P. A., Muir H. Proteoglycans of the intervertebral disc. Homology of structure with laryngeal proteoglycans. Biochem J. 1979 Jun 1;179(3):561–572. doi: 10.1042/bj1790561. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sweet M. B., Thonar E. J., Immelman A. R., Solomon L. Biochemical changes in progressive osteoarthrosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1977 Oct;36(5):387–398. doi: 10.1136/ard.36.5.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sweet M. B., Thonar E. J., Marsh J. Age-related changes in proteoglycan structure. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1979 Dec;198(2):439–448. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(79)90518-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thonar E. J., Sweet M. B. Maturation-related changes in proteoglycans of fetal articular cartilage. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1981 May;208(2):535–547. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(81)90542-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Venn G., Mason R. M. Biosynthesis and metabolism in vivo of intervertebral-disc proteoglycans in the mouse. Biochem J. 1983 Nov 1;215(2):217–225. doi: 10.1042/bj2150217. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]