Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1986 Jun 1;236(2):543–547. doi: 10.1042/bj2360543

The effects of lactate, acetate, glucose, insulin, starvation and alloxan-diabetes on protein synthesis in perfused rat hearts.

D M Smith, S J Fuller, P H Sugden
PMCID: PMC1146874  PMID: 3530250

Abstract

Compared with glucose, lactate + acetate stimulated ventricular protein synthesis in anterogradely perfused hearts from fed or 72 h-starved rats. Stimulation was greater on a percentage basis in starved rats. Atrial protein synthesis was not detectably stimulated by lactate + acetate. Insulin stimulated protein synthesis in atria and ventricles. The stimulation of protein synthesis by lactate + acetate and insulin was not additive, the percentage stimulation by insulin being less in the ventricles of lactate + acetate-perfused hearts than in glucose-perfused hearts. Perfusion of hearts from 72 h-starved or alloxan-diabetic rats with glucose + lactate + acetate + insulin did not increase protein-synthesis rates or efficiencies (protein synthesis expressed relative to total RNA) to values for fed rats, implying there is a decrease in translational activity in these hearts. In the perfused heart, inhibition of protein synthesis by starvation and its reversal by re-feeding followed a relatively prolonged time course. Synthesis was still decreasing after 3 days of starvation and did not return to normal until after 2 days of re-feeding.

Full text

PDF
543

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Chua B., Kao R. L., Rannels D. E., Morgan H. E. Inhibition of protein degradation by anoxia and ischemia in perfused rat hearts. J Biol Chem. 1979 Jul 25;254(14):6617–6623. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chua B., Siehl D. L., Morgan H. E. Effect of leucine and metabolites of branched chain amino acids on protein turnover in heart. J Biol Chem. 1979 Sep 10;254(17):8358–8362. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. DAVIS E. J., QUASTEL J. H. THE EFFECTS OF SHORT-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS AND STARVATION ON THE METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE AND LACTATE BY THE PERFUSED GUINEA PIG HEART. Can J Biochem. 1964 Nov;42:1605–1621. doi: 10.1139/o64-172. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Fawcett D. W., McNutt N. S. The ultrastructure of the cat myocardium. I. Ventricular papillary muscle. J Cell Biol. 1969 Jul;42(1):1–45. doi: 10.1083/jcb.42.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Flaim K. E., Kochel P. J., Kira Y., Kobayashi K., Fossel E. T., Jefferson L. S., Morgan H. E. Insulin effects on protein synthesis are independent of glucose and energy metabolism. Am J Physiol. 1983 Jul;245(1):C133–C143. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.1983.245.1.C133. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Garlick P. J., Fern M., Preedy V. R. The effect of insulin infusion and food intake on muscle protein synthesis in postabsorptive rats. Biochem J. 1983 Mar 15;210(3):669–676. doi: 10.1042/bj2100669. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Garlick P. J., Millward D. J., James W. P., Waterlow J. C. The effect of protein deprivation and starvation on the rate of protein synthesis in tissues of the rat. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Nov 18;414(1):71–84. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(75)90126-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Jefferson L. S., Koehler J. O., Morgan H. E. Effect of insulin on protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of an isolated perfused preparation of rat hemicorpus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Apr;69(4):816–820. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.4.816. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kochel P. J., Kira Y., Gordon E. E., Morgan H. E. Effects of noncarbohydrate substrates on protein synthesis in hearts from fed and fasted rats. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1984 Apr;16(4):371–383. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2828(84)80608-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Li J. B., Jefferson L. S. Influence of amino acid availability on protein turnover in perfused skeletal muscle. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Dec 1;544(2):351–359. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(78)90103-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. McAllister A., Allison S. P., Randle P. J. Effects of dichloroacetate on the metabolism of glucose, pyruvate, acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate and palmitate in rat diaphragm and heart muscle in vitro and on extraction of glucose, lactate, pyruvate and free fatty acids by dog heart in vivo. Biochem J. 1973 Aug;134(4):1067–1081. doi: 10.1042/bj1341067. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. McNutt N. S., Fawcett D. W. The ultrastructure of the cat myocardium. II. Atrial muscle. J Cell Biol. 1969 Jul;42(1):46–67. doi: 10.1083/jcb.42.1.46. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Morgan H. E., Chua B. H., Fuller E. O., Siehl D. Regulation of protein synthesis and degradation during in vitro cardiac work. Am J Physiol. 1980 May;238(5):E431–E442. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1980.238.5.E431. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Morgan H. E., Jefferson L. S., Wolpert E. B., Rannels D. E. Regulation of protein synthesis in heart muscle. II. Effect of amino acid levels and insulin on ribosomal aggregation. J Biol Chem. 1971 Apr 10;246(7):2163–2170. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Pain V. M., Garlick P. J. Effect of streptozotocin diabetes and insulin treatment on the rate of protein synthesis in tissues of the rat in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1974 Jul 25;249(14):4510–4514. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Peuhkurinen K. J. Accumulation and disposal of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates during propionate oxidation in the isolated perfused rat heart. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982 Oct 11;721(2):124–134. doi: 10.1016/0167-4889(82)90060-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Preedy V. R., Smith D. M., Kearney N. F., Sugden P. H. Rates of protein turnover in vivo and in vitro in ventricular muscle of hearts from fed and starved rats. Biochem J. 1984 Sep 1;222(2):395–400. doi: 10.1042/bj2220395. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Preedy V. R., Smith D. M., Kearney N. F., Sugden P. H. Regional variation and differential sensitivity of rat heart protein synthesis in vivo and in vitro. Biochem J. 1985 Jan 15;225(2):487–492. doi: 10.1042/bj2250487. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Preedy V. R., Smith D. M., Sugden P. H. The effects of 6 hours of hypoxia on protein synthesis in rat tissues in vivo and in vitro. Biochem J. 1985 May 15;228(1):179–185. doi: 10.1042/bj2280179. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Rannels D. E., Hjalmarson A. C., Morgan H. E. Effects of noncarbohydrate substrates on protein synthesis in muscle. Am J Physiol. 1974 Mar;226(3):528–539. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1974.226.3.528. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rannels D. E., Jefferson L. S., Hjalmarson A. C., Wolpert E. B., Morgan H. E. Maintenance of protein synthesis in hearts of diabetic animals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1970 Sep 10;40(5):1110–1116. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)90909-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Smith D. M., Sugden P. H. Differential rates of protein synthesis in vitro and RNA contents in rat heart ventricular and atrial muscle. Biochem J. 1983 Aug 15;214(2):497–502. doi: 10.1042/bj2140497. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Smith D. M., Sugden P. H. Stimulation of left-atrial protein-synthesis rates by increased left-atrial filling pressures in the perfused working rat heart in vitro. Biochem J. 1983 Dec 15;216(3):537–542. doi: 10.1042/bj2160537. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Sugden P. H., Smith D. M. The effects of glucose, acetate, lactate and insulin on protein degradation in the perfused rat heart. Biochem J. 1982 Sep 15;206(3):467–472. doi: 10.1042/bj2060467. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Sugden P. H., Smith D. M. The effects of insulin on glucose uptake and lactate release in perfused working rat heart preparations. Biochem J. 1982 Sep 15;206(3):473–479. doi: 10.1042/bj2060473. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Taegtmeyer H., Hems R., Krebs H. A. Utilization of energy-providing substrates in the isolated working rat heart. Biochem J. 1980 Mar 15;186(3):701–711. doi: 10.1042/bj1860701. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Whitehouse S., Cooper R. H., Randle P. J. Mechanism of activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase by dichloroacetate and other halogenated carboxylic acids. Biochem J. 1974 Sep;141(3):761–774. doi: 10.1042/bj1410761. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Williams I. H., Chua B. H., Sahms R. H., Siehl D., Morgan H. E. Effects of diabetes on protein turnover in cardiac muscle. Am J Physiol. 1980 Sep;239(3):E178–E185. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1980.239.3.E178. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES