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. 2024 Oct 18;12:e132915. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.12.e132915

Overview of myrmecological studies and a checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Hervé Ambakina 1, Kiko Gómez Abal 2, Benoit Guénard 3, Jean-Claude Monzenga 4, Evan P Economo 5, Wouter Dekoninck 6,✉
PMCID: PMC11512105  PMID: 39464261

Abstract

The production of species checklists is fundamental to setting baseline knowledge of biodiversity across the world and they are invaluable for global conservation efforts. The main objective of this study is to provide an up-to-date extensive checklist of the ants of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the largest country in sub-Saharan Africa, based on available literature to serve as a foundation for future research and ant faunistic developments. We gathered the literature available to us, most of it compiled from the Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics (GABI) Project and treated the data to province level when possible. We also offer insight into who, when and where contributions have emerged to the current knowledge of the ants of the DRC and each of its 26 provinces. The current list is restricted to valid species and subspecies, discarding morphospecies and some misidentified taxa. The list comprises eight subfamilies, 64 genera and 736 species, the highest species diversity for a country located within the Afrotropical realm.

Keywords: Formicidae, annotated list, distribution, Tropical Central Africa, Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics, species list

Introduction

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the largest country in sub-Saharan Africa, ranking 11th in the world. Its size is comparable to western Europe with a surface of 2.3 million km2. It is divided into 26 provinces, ranging in size from Kasaï Oriental (9,481 km2) to Tshopo (199,567 km2). More than half of the country is covered by rainforest, representing the second largest forest massif globally after the Amazon (Nshimba 2008) with more than 1.08 million km2 (Devers 2007) and hosting a high level of botanical diversity with a total of 970 species of trees identified (Nshimba 2008, Ambakina 2022). DRC forests range from dense forests (semiper, semi-evergreen, swamp and secondary) to open forests (Zambezian and Sudanian), representing 47% of African forests (Achille et al. 2021, Alongo et al. 2022). Its ecological diversity also includes central river basins, wooded savannah, grassy savannah and mountain vegetation in the east, from Mayumbe to the south-west (Van Wambeke et al. 1956).

Some of this exceptional diversity is protected under different entities (Suppl. material 1, Fig. 1) with 13.9% of the total surface of DRC protected in 2022 (World Bank Data).

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

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Protected areas in DRC. Prepared by the authors, based on data from UNEP-WCMC and IUCN (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2024).

These forests are, however, under threat. From 2001 to 2022, DRC lost 0.184 M km2 of tree cover, of which one third (0.06 M km2) was primary rainforest (Global Forest Watch 2024), equivalent to a 9.2% decrease. This represents 4% of the world’s total loss.

Afrotropical ant taxonomy is in a very weak state and the majority of the most diverse genera have never been revised (Robertson 2000, Gómez et al. 2023). This deeply affects our understanding of ant diversity, as most species are not being properly identified and are listed as morphospecies in most publications. The estimated number of ant species present in the Afrotropical Region is expected to double its current numbers (Robertson 2000). The DRC is expected to have a highly diverse ant fauna. Global assessments on the unknown diversity for the region cite DRC as one of the 25 world regions with the greatest hidden diversity measured in number of not yet found genera (Guénard et al. 2012). The mountainous North-East of the country has also been predicted as unexplored ant rarity centres that shall be revealed with future sampling (Kass et al. 2022).

With this in mind, the main objective of this work is to establish the current knowledge of the ants of the DRC at a provincial scale to help further ant research and stimulate researchers to mitigate the existing gap in ant diversity and taxonomy in the region.

Material and methods

The present list is based on published records only. The main source of information is the extensive Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics (GABI) database (Guénard et al. 2017). As of February 2024, the Afrotropical database compiles 39,232 records of which 4,858 are from DRC. We filtered the records for identified valid species and discarded any records of morphospecies due to the lack of nomenclatural uniformity amongst the different collections. Hence, again, the numbers presented here should be taken with caution, especially for the genera that have never been revised, while, due to the limited sampling efforts conducted around the country, the true ant diversity is probably underestimated. Records have been individually refined to province level whenever the available information has made it possible. Distribution for each species is offered by province, except for the species that were cited only to country level.

Endemicity was assessed with the full Afrotropical database, covering species for each country at province level. Thus, we consider a taxon as “endemic” to the DRC when we could not find any other citation for that particular taxon in any other country. Assessing endemism in the Afrotropics, though, is a fraught exercise due to the generalised lack of sampling and poor taxonomy state in the region (Gómez et al. 2023) and should be interpreted with caution.

Codes used for provinces are the ISO 3166-2 without the country designator (e.g. TO instead of CD-TO). These are: BC: Kongo Central, BU: Bas-Uelé, EQ: Equateur, HK: Haut-Katanga, HL: Haut-Lomami, HU: Haut-Uelé, IT: Ituri, KC: Kasai Central, KE: Kasai Oriental, KG: Kwango, KL: Kwilu, KN: Kinshasa, KS: Kasai, LO: Lomami, LU: Lualaba, MA: Maniema, MN: Mai-Ndombe, MO: Mongala, NK: Nord-Kivu, NU: Nord-Ubangi, SA: Sankuru, SK: Sud-Kivu, SU: Sud-Ubangi, TA: Tanganyika, TO: Tshopo, TU: Tshuapa.

Entomological collections cited: CASC: California Academy of Sciences, California, USA. KGAC: Kiko Gómez Abal Collection, Spain. MRAC: Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium. RBINS: Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium. UCDC: R.M. Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California Davis, California, USA.

Data analysis was performed in R (v. 4.2.3, R CORE TEAM (2023)) to filter, homogenise and summarise the information. Packages used were ggbreak (Xu et al. 2021), ggplot2 (Wickham 2016), ggspatial (Dunnington 2023) and sf (Pebesma and Bivand 2023) for charting and mapping; and googlesheets4 (Bryan 2023), stringr (Wickhan 2022), stringi (Gagolewski 2022), tidyverse (Wickham et al. 2019) and writexl (Ooms 2023) for data analysis. Nomenclature is up to date following Bolton (Bolton 2023).

Data resources

Sampling effort was assessed with the digitised collections available online (AntWeb, Antmaps), two Belgian Federal Institute collections (MRAC, RBINS) and one private collection (KGAC). The total number of records including identified and not identified samples exceeds 98,000 for the Afrotropical Region, 3,088 collected in DRC. We must emphasise that these data were used only to analyse sampling effort and not the species list, which is based on published records.

Results

The number of recorded ant species and subspecies by genus and subfamily for the DRC, as well as their status within the Afrotropical realm is presented in Table 1. In total, eight subfamilies, 64 genera and 736 species, include 156 endemic were reported in the literature from the DRC.

Table 1.

DRC number of ant species and subspecies by subfamily and genus, with their number of species considered as endemic or exotic.

Subfamily Genus Species Subspecies Total Endemic Exotic
APOMYRMINAE
Apomyrma 1 1
Total 1 1
DOLICHODERINAE
Axinidris 2 2
Tapinoma 2 1 3
Technomyrmex 15 15 1
Total 19 1 20 1
DORYLINAE
Aenictogiton 7 7 6
Aenictus 6 3 9 4
Dorylus 32 27 59 17
Lioponera 2 2
Parasyscia 3 3
Simopone 7 7 1
Vicinopone 1 1
Zasphinctus 1 1
Total 59 30 89 28
FORMICINAE
Anoplolepis 5 5
Aphomomyrmex 1 1
Camponotus 54 38 92 25
Lepisiota 19 9 28 12
Nylanderia 4 4 1
Oecophylla 1 5 6 1
Paraparatrechina 3 3
Paratrechina 1 1 1
Plagiolepis 3 3 1
Polyrhachis 30 30 2
Santschiella 1 1
Total 122 52 174 42 1
MYRMICINAE
Atopomyrmex 2 2
Bondroitia 1 1
Calyptomyrmex 7 7
Cardiocondyla 2 2
Carebara 12 4 16 10
Cataulacus 24 24 3
Crematogaster 39 63 102 38
Cyphoidris 1 1
Dicroaspis 2 2
Melissotarsus 2 2
Meranoplus 4 4
Microdaceton 1 1
Monomorium 20 20 2 1
Myrmicaria 9 11 20 5
Nesomyrmex 3 3
Pheidole 24 23 47 7
Pristomyrmex 3 3
Solenopsis 2 3 5 2 1
Strumigenys 33 33 3
Syllophopsis 1 1
Tetramorium 59 59 7
Trichomyrmex 4 4 1 1
Total 255 104 359 78 3
PONERINAE
Anochetus 8 8
Bothroponera 6 6
Brachyponera 1 1
Centromyrmex 7 7 1
Euponera 2 2
Hypoponera 8 8
Leptogenys 12 12 4
Loboponera 3 3
Megaponera 1 2 3
Mesoponera 4 4
Odontomachus 2 2
Paltothyreus 1 1 2
Parvaponera 1 1
Phrynoponera 3 3
Platythyrea 8 8
Plectroctena 7 7 1
Psalidomyrmex 3 3
Total 76 4 80 6
PROCERATIINAE
Discothyrea 4 4 1
Total 4 4 1
PSEUDOMYRMECINAE
Tetraponera 9 9
Total 9 9
Global 545 191 736 156 4
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DRC is the African country with the highest number of recorded ant species (n = 736, Table 1). Species richness percentages by subfamily are similar to those of the Afrotropical Region (AntWeb, visited March 2024), with about half (48.9% vs. 52% for the realm) of the species in the Myrmicinae, followed by Formicinae (23.6% vs. 22%), Dorylinae (12.1% vs. 8%) and Ponerinae (10.9% vs. 11%), with these four subfamilies totalling around 95% of the species diversity recorded so far. Dolichoderinae (2.7%, 20 species) is the next in the list, with the other three subfamilies, Pseudomyrmecinae, Proceratiinae and Apomyrminae, being rather species-poor with nine, four and one species, respectively.

One in four of the records from DRC is a subspecies (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), implying that their status has not been revised in modern times. Almost half of DRC diversity belongs to the five most diverse genera (Fig. 2). Of these five, only one (Tetramorium) has been revised (Bolton 1976, Bolton 1980, Bolton 1986, Hita Garcia et al. 2010, Hita Garcia and Fisher 2011, Hita Garcia and Fisher 2012, Hita Garcia and Fisher 2013, Hita Garcia and Fisher 2014, Mbanyana 2013, Mbanyana et al. 2018). However, despite these revisions, most of the genus still requires a lot of study, with likely 300+ additional undescribed species (Hita Garcia, pers. com.) Three genera (Camponotus, Dorylus, Pheidole) have more or less as many species as subspecies, while, in Crematogaster, two out of three named forms are subspecies. They include four-fifths of the subspecies known for the country. In these four genera, the more recently described species (Pheidolechristinae, P.glabrella and P.setosa) belong to the recently-revised Pheidolepulchella group (Fischer et al. 2012). Additionally, Dorylusniarembensis (van Boven 1972) is described from a single queen. All the other species were described before 1945.

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

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Ant species and subspecies proportion in DRC fauna.

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

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Ant species richness by province in DRC.

Current diversity by province (Fig. 3) shows that most of the territory remains unexplored, with some provinces covered in dense rainforest, such as Tshuapa with only nine species cited.

Knowledge timeline of DRC ants also reflects the lack of recent scientific activity (Fig. 4). Wheeler’s works (Wheeler 1922a, Wheeler 1922b) can be considered as one of the major achievements in the history of myrmecology, particularly in DRC, adding 107 new occurrences to the country. These two publications, now published over a century ago, provide records for 624 occurrences in the country or more than one quarter of all the published occurrences for the DRC (2,305). Its significance in the Afrotropical myrmecology is hard to comprehend, as it cites a total of 2,863 occurrences for the current amount of 22,872, so more than 10% of the existing records of ants in the Afrotropical Region available in the literature. It also summarises all the available taxonomical knowledge and distribution data up to 1922, describing 59 new species and subspecies, including 39 in DRC.

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

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Accumulated ant species recorded in literature in DRC per year (1895-2024).

Most of the ant diversity was already cited by 1950, with circa 600 species and almost all of it due to the efforts of early taxonomists: Forel, Santschi and Wheeler (Fig. 5).

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

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Number of ant species newly recorded in DRC, listed by author and year. References contributing to the addition of 10 or more species are highlighted.

In modern times (1970 to present), we ascertain that only 98 publications offer some data on the ant fauna of DRC, almost all of them in global taxonomic reviews, based almost completely on the collections stored in MRAC and RBINS. Only two publications are based on recent DRC sampling: Yamagiwa et al. (1991) deals with the stomach content of gorillas and Van De Perre et al. (2018) offers the results of collecting ants by hand in the Yangambi Forest in the context of a more general biodiversity assessment, citing 41 species and 23 morphospecies. It is also worth noting that the latest main publication (Bolton 2000) adding more than 10 newly-recorded species in DRC, dates back to nearly a quarter of a century.

The same analysis by province offers interesting insights (Figs 6, 7). The two provinces that form the “entrance gate” to the country by the Atlantic Ocean (Kinshasa and Congo Central) were the first sampled and early authors such as Santschi, Forel and Emery described most of their known diversity. The Provinces of Haut-Uelé and Tshopo were the main hunting grounds in the Wheeler expedition.

Figure 6.

Figure 6.

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Ant species accumulation of newly-recorded species by year and province. The five most diverse provinces are highlighted.

Figure 7.

Figure 7.

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Number of new ant citations by reference and year for the five most diverse provinces.

A special case is the Ituri Province, where most of the diversity has been added by Barry Bolton since the 1980s. To understand this fact, we must explore the museum's material available. The main source for the Bolton (and subsequent authors) published taxonomic revisions comes from the field trips made more than one hundred years ago up to the 1930s (Bequaert, Burgeon, Collart, Mayné, Schouteden) or in the 1950s in the North-East of the country mostly by Belgian biologists, mainly in Ituri, Nord-Kivu and Sud-Kivu (Célis, Kekenbosch, Leach, Leleup, Ross, Saeger, Synave, van Boven, Vanschuytbroeck). Most of these collections are stored in the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels (RBINS) and the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren (MRAC), both in Belgium. Less than 10% of these collections have been databased and, upon examination, comprise an estimate of at least 50,000 pins which are now being identified by the authors. The only exceptions to this rule are the specimens present in the CASC collected by Torti in 1995 in Epulu (Ituri), with 178 specimens and those present at UCDC from Wamba (Kwilu) collected by Heydon in 2006 and by Chapman in 2008 with a total of 51 specimens (Fig. 8).

Figure 8.

Figure 8.

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Available DRC ant material in digitised collections. Sources and years for collections including more than 50 specimens are highlighted.

Collecting sites can be approximated by the data in AntWeb.org, the largest repository of ant collection data on the internet. It holds data for 2,454 DRC specimens, of which 2,166 (88%) come from the collections at RBINS and MRAC from the 1920s to 1950s. More strikingly, Fig. 9 shows the large void existing in the DRC rainforest, with virtually no collections over an area of 450,000 km2, a size comparable to Spain or France in Europe, Cameroon or Ghana and Ivory Coast combined in Africa and one of the most diverse forests in the world.

Figure 9.

Figure 9.

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DRC collecting locations stored in AntWeb.org. (Accessed: March 2024).

Species List

We have listed as NP (not present) four species that have been cited in the country, but represent obvious misidentifications dating back from more than 100 years ago: Odontomachushaematodus (Linnaeus, 1758), native to South America; Oecophyllasmaragdina (Fabricius, 1775) from Asia, probably misidentified for Oecophyllalonginoda (Latreille, 1802); Tetramoriumdecem Forel, 1913 has been re-identified as Tetramoriumvenator, Hita Garcia 2014 (Hita Garcia & Fisher 2014), except for the citation from Aba-Juba in Haut Uele Province (Weber 1952b), which we discard until the material can be seen; and Tetramoriumkelleri Forel, 1887 native to Madagascar (Table 2).

Table 2.

Ant species cited for DRC, but discarded in the current list (NP = Not Present, DB = Dubious).

Species Status Provinces Reference
Bothroponeracrassa (Emery, 1877) DB BC Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Finzi (1939)
Odontomachushaematodus (Linnaeus, 1758) NP BC, BU, HU, KN, SU, TO Forel (1909), Stitz (1910), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1964)
Oecophyllasmaragdina (Fabricius, 1775) NP HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Tetramoriumbicarinatum (Nylander, 1846) DB - Wetterer (2009)
Tetramoriumdecem Forel, 1913 NP HU Weber (1952b), rest of cited material re-identified as T.venator in Hita Garcia and Fisher (2014)
Tetramoriumkelleri Forel, 1887 NP SK Santschi (1924a)
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Two species are listed under DB (dubious). Tetramoriumbicarinatum (Nylander, 1846), cited for the country (Wetterer 2009), is cited as DB as no record for the Afrotropical Region has been properly identified, except for some in southern Africa (Francisco Hita García, pers. comm.). Bothroponeracrassa (Emery, 1877) belongs to a recently revised group and its presence could not be confirmed.

The current list, as we understand it and based on published data, comprises eight subfamilies, 64 genera and 736 species (Table 3, Suppl. material 1)

Table 3.

Ant species cited for DRC.

Subfamily Genus Species Notes Provinces Reference
Apomyrminae Apomyrma Apomyrmastygia Brown, Gotwald & Levieux, 1971 KL Boudinot (2015)
Dolichoderinae Axinidris Axinidrisdenticulata (Wheeler, 1922) EQ, NK, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Shattuck (1991), Shattuck (1994), Snelling (2007)
Dolichoderinae Axinidris Axinidrishypoclinoides (Santschi, 1919) TO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b), Shattuck (1994), Bolton (2007), Snelling (2007)
Dolichoderinae Tapinoma Tapinomaluridum Emery, 1908 SA Emery (1908), Wheeler (1922b), Shattuck (1994)
Dolichoderinae Tapinoma Tapinomaluridumlongiceps Wheeler, 1922 NU, SU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Shattuck (1994), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Dolichoderinae Tapinoma Tapinomaschultzei (Forel, 1910) TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Shattuck (1994)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexalbipes (Smith, 1861) BC, KN Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexandrei Emery, 1899 BU, HU, IT, KN, MA, NK, TO Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Baroni Urbani (1977), Shattuck (1994), Bolton (2007), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexcamerunensis Emery, 1899 KN Emery (1899)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexilgi (Forel, 1910) KL Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexlasiops Bolton, 2007 IT Bolton (2007)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexlaurenti (Emery, 1899) BU, IT, MA, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Shattuck (1994), Bolton (2007), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexlujae (Forel, 1905) BU, EQ, KL, KS, SA, TO Forel (1905), Forel (1911b), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a), Santschi (1930a), Baroni Urbani (1977), Shattuck (1994), Bolton (2007), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexmetandrei Bolton, 2007 IT Bolton (2007)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexmoerens Santschi, 1913 BC, IT, KN, KS, MN, TO Wheeler (1922b), Karavaiev (1926), Santschi (1930a), Weber (1943), Baroni Urbani (1977), Shattuck (1994), Bolton (2007), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexnigriventris Santschi, 1910 BC, KN, KS Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexpallipes (Smith, 1876) KS Santschi (1930a), Baroni Urbani (1977), Shattuck (1994), Bolton (2007)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexparviflavus Bolton, 2007 IT Bolton (2007)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexrusticus Santschi, 1930 Endemic MN Santschi (1930a), Baroni Urbani (1977), Shattuck (1994), Bolton (2007)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexschoutedeni Forel, 1910 SA, TO Forel (1910b), Emery (1913), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Shattuck (1994), Bolton (2007)
Dolichoderinae Technomyrmex Technomyrmexsenex Bolton, 2007 MA Bolton (2007)
Dorylinae Aenictogiton Aenictogitonattenuatus Santschi, 1919 Endemic HK, HL Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictogiton Aenictogitonbequaerti Forel, 1913 Endemic HK, HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictogiton Aenictogitonelongatus Santschi, 1919 Endemic BC Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictogiton Aenictogitonemeryi Forel, 1913 Endemic HK, TA Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictogiton Aenictogitonfossiceps Emery, 1901 - Emery (1901), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictogiton Aenictogitonschoutedeni Santschi, 1924 Endemic KS Santschi (1924a), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictogiton Aenictogitonsulcatus Santschi, 1919 Endemic TA Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictusalluaudifalcifer Santschi, 1924 Endemic IT, NK Santschi (1924a), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictusbuttgenbachi Forel, 1913 HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictuscongolensis Santschi, 1911 BC Baroni Urbani (1977)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictuseugenii Emery, 1895 BC, HK, NK, SK Santschi (1924a), Gotwald and Cunningham-Van Someren (1976), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016), Gómez (2022)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictusfuscovarius Gerstäcker, 1859 HK Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictusmoebiisankisianus Forel, 1913 Endemic HK, HL Forel (1913a), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictusraptor Forel, 1913 Endemic HK Forel (1913a), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictussoudanicusbrunneus Forel, 1913 Endemic HK, HL Forel (1913a), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Aenictus Aenictusweissi Santschi, 1910 IT, NU Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016),Gómez (2022)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusacutus Santschi, 1937 Endemic - Santschi (1939), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusaffinis Shuckard, 1840 BC, KN, SA Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Arnold (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusaggressor Santschi, 1923 Endemic KC Santschi (1923), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusalluaudilobatus Santschi, 1919 Endemic EQ, LO Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusatratus Smith, 1859 BC, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusatriceps Shuckard, 1840 BC, HU, TO Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusattenuatuslatinodis Forel, 1920 Endemic TO Forel (1920), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusattenuatus Shuckard, 1840 BC, HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1939)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusbequaerti Forel, 1913 BC, HK, HL, SU Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusbraunsi Emery, 1895 BC, KN Emery (1895), Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusbrevipennismarshalli Emery, 1901 HU Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusbrevipenniszimmermanni Santschi, 1910 - Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusbrevis Santschi, 1919 Endemic MN Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluscongolensis Santschi, 1910 BC, KN Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusconradti Emery, 1895 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusdepilisclarior Santschi, 1917 SU Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusdepilis Emery, 1895 BC, BU, HK, HL, HU, KL, LU, MA, MO, SA, TO Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusdepilisugandensis Santschi, 1914 HU Santschi (1923)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusemeryi Mayr, 1896 - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusemeryiopacus Forel, 1909 BC, HU Forel (1909), Emery (1910), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusfimbriatus (Shuckard, 1840) HK, SA Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusfulvusbadius Gerstäcker, 1859 BC, KS, MA, NK, SA Stitz (1911), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935b), Prins (1963)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusfulvusdentifrons Wasmann, 1904 IT, SA, TO Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Santschi (1931), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusfulvusobscurior Wheeler, 1925 HU, SK, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusfunereusacherontus Santschi, 1937 EQ Santschi (1937b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusfunereus Emery, 1895 BC, EQ, HU, KS, MN, SA, TO Forel (1909), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusfunereuspardus Santschi, 1937 Endemic TO Santschi (1937b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusfunereusstygis Santschi, 1937 HK Santschi (1937b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusgaudens Santschi, 1919 Endemic IT Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusgribodoi Emery, 1892 KS, SA Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylushelvolus (Linnaeus, 1764) HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluskatanensis Stitz, 1911 Endemic NK Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluskohlichapini Wheeler, 1922 Endemic TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluskohlifrenisyi Forel, 1916 Endemic - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluskohliindocilis Santschi, 1933 Endemic MN Santschi (1933), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluskohlilangi Wheeler, 1922 Endemic BC Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluskohlimilitaris Santschi, 1923 Endemic MO, TO Santschi (1923), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluskohli Wasmann, 1904 BC, BU, HU, SA, TO Santschi (1921), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1933), van Boven (1968), Baroni Urbani (1977), Schöning et al. (2008), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusmandibularispulchellus Santschi, 1920 BC, KN, SA, TO Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusmoestusclaripennis Santschi, 1919 HK, KG, KS Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusmoestus Emery, 1895 BC, BU, KN, MO, SA, TO Forel (1909), Forel (1913c), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Santschi (1923), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusniarembensis (van Boven, 1972) Endemic IT van Boven (1972), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusnigricansarcens (Westwood, 1847) HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusnigricansburmeisteri (Shuckard, 1840) BC, EQ, SU, TO Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusnigricans Illiger, 1802 BC, HK, KN, SU, TA Forel (1909), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusnigricansmolestus (Gerstäcker, 1859) NK Stitz (1911), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusnigricansrubellus (Savage, 1849) BC, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusnigricanssjostedti Emery, 1899 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusnigricansterrificus Santschi, 1923 SA, SK Santschi (1923), van Boven (1967a), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluspolitus Emery, 1901 BC, MN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1933)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylussavagei Emery, 1895 BC Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusschoutedeni Santschi, 1923 Endemic BC, KL, MN Santschi (1923), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusstadelmanni Emery, 1895 - Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusstanleyi Forel, 1909 HK, IT Forel (1909), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylusstaudingeri Emery, 1895 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylustermitarius Wasmann, 1911 Endemic TO Wheeler (1922b), van Boven (1967b), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylustitan Santschi, 1923 EQ, SA Santschi (1923), Santschi (1933), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Dorylustitanvinalli Santschi, 1933 Endemic EQ, MO Santschi (1933), Baroni Urbani (1977), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Dorylus Doryluswilverthi Emery, 1899 BC, BU, EQ, HU, IT, KN, KS, MO, NK, SA, SK, SU, TO Emery (1899), Forel (1909), Stitz (1910), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Wheeler (1943), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Lioponera Lioponeraforeli (Santschi, 1914) IT, MA, SK, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1975)
Dorylinae Lioponera Lioponerankomoensis (Forel, 1916) TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1975), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Parasyscia Parasysciacenturio (Brown, 1975) NK, SK Brown (1975), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Parasyscia Parasysciacribrinodis Emery, 1899 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Dorylinae Parasyscia Parasyscianitidulus (Brown, 1975) TO Weber (1949a), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Simopone Simoponeannettae Kutter, 1976 TO Bolton and Fisher (2012)
Dorylinae Simopone Simoponebrunnea Bolton & Fisher, 2012 IT Bolton and Fisher (2012)
Dorylinae Simopone Simoponeconradti Emery, 1899 KN Bolton and Fisher (2012)
Dorylinae Simopone Simoponefulvinodis Santschi, 1923 Endemic BC Santschi (1923), Bolton and Fisher (2012), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Simopone Simoponegrandis Santschi, 1923 KS, MN Santschi (1923), Brown (1975), Bolton and Fisher (2012), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Simopone Simoponeschoutedeni Santschi, 1923 KS, TO Santschi (1923), Brown (1975), Bolton and Fisher (2012), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Simopone Simoponewilburi Weber, 1949 IT, NK Weber (1949a), Bolton and Fisher (2012), Borowiec (2016)
Dorylinae Vicinopone Vicinoponeconciliatrix (Bronw, 1975) TO Brown (1975), Bolton and Fisher (2012)
Dorylinae Zasphinctus Zasphinctussarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 IT Hita Garcia et al. (2017b)
Formicinae Anoplolepis Anoplolepiscarinata (Emery, 1899) BC, HU, TO Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Anoplolepis Anoplolepiscustodiens (Smith, 1858) BC Emery (1899), Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963)
Formicinae Anoplolepis Anoplolepisfallax (Mayr, 1865) MO Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Anoplolepis Anoplolepiskohli (Forel, 1916) TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Lapolla and Fisher (2014)
Formicinae Anoplolepis Anoplolepistenella (Santschi, 1911) BC, BU, HU, TO Forel (1909), Santschi (1911), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Aphomomyrmex Aphomomyrmexafer Emery, 1899 BC, SA Snelling (1979)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusaberrans Mayr, 1895 TA Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusacvapimensis Mayr, 1862 BC, BU, EQ, HU, KN, LU, MN, SU, TO, TU Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusaequatorialiskohli Forel, 1915 Endemic TO Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusaequatorialis Roger, 1863 TO Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusargus Santschi, 1935 Endemic MO Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusatriscapus Santschi, 1926 Endemic EQ Santschi (1926b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusauropubens Forel, 1894 TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusbarbarossamicipsa Wheeler, 1922 KN, MN Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusbarbarossasulcatinasis Santschi, 1926 Endemic BC, HU, IT Santschi (1926b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusbayeri Forel, 1913 HU, TA Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusbraunsi Mayr, 1895 KN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusbrutus Forel, 1886 BC, BU, EQ, HL, HU, IT, KN, KS, MO, NK, SA, SU, TO Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Wheeler (1925), Santschi (1935a), Weber (1943), Weber (1964)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusbuchneri Forel, 1886 EQ, HU, KS, MA, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusburgeoni Santschi, 1926 Endemic HU, KS Santschi (1926b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuscaesar Forel, 1886 HK, HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuscaesar imperator Emery, 1899 MA, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuscarbo Emery, 1877 - Levieux (1972)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuschapiniganzii Weber, 1943 - Weber (1943)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuschapini Wheeler, 1922 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Levieux (1972)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuschrysurusacutisquamis Mayr, 1902 BC Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuschrysurusapellis Santschi, 1911 BC, SU Forel (1911b), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuschrysurus Gerstäcker, 1871 BC, HK, HL, KN, TO, TU Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1915), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuschrysurusyvonnae Forel, 1920 Endemic TO Forel (1920), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuscinctellus (Gerstäcker, 1859) EQ, KN, MO, SU, TU Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusconfluensbequaerti Forel, 1913 HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusconfluens Forel, 1913 Endemic HK, HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuscongolensis Emery, 1899 BC, HK, HU, KN, NK Emery (1899), Forel (1909), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Menozzi (1932)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuscongolensisweissi Santschi, 1911 BC Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuscosmicus (Smith, 1858) SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusetiolipes Bolton, 1995 HL, IT, NK Stitz (1911), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuseugeniaeamplior Forel, 1913 Endemic HL, MA Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusferreriakka Forel, 1916 Endemic - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusflavomarginatus Mayr, 1862 BC, BU, HU, SA Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusflorius Santschi, 1926 BC Santschi (1933)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusforaminosus Forel, 1879 HU, KN, TO Stitz (1910), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusfulvopilosus (De Geer, 1778) HK Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusfurvus Santschi, 1911 KS Santschi (1933)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusguttatus Emery, 1899 SU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotushaereticus Santschi, 1914 EQ Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuslangijejunus Santschi, 1926 Endemic TA Santschi (1926a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuslangi Wheeler, 1922 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuslilianaecornutus Forel, 1913 Endemic HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuslilianae Forel, 1913 HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuslongipalpis Santschi, 1926 Endemic KS Santschi (1926b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusmaculatus (Fabricius, 1782) BU, HK, HU, NK, SU, TA Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Santschi (1915), Stitz (1916), Emery (1920), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Weber (1943), Prins (1963)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusmaguassa Wheeler, 1922 Endemic TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusmassinissa Wheeler, 1922 Endemic HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusmaynei Forel, 1916 - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusmayri Forel, 1879 NK Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1964)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusoculatior Santschi, 1935 Endemic KN Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusolivieridelagoensis Forel, 1894 BC Forel (1909)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusolivieri Forel, 1886 KN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusolivierilemma Forel, 1886 BC, KN, TU Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusolivieriosiris Forel, 1911 Endemic KN, MO Forel (1911b), Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusolivierisorptus Santschi, 1915 Endemic BC, EQ, KN, MN, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusparadoxus (Mayr, 1866) Endemic TO Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusperrisiidensipunctatus Stitz, 1916 SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusperrisiijucundus Santschi, 1911 BC, HU, KN, MN, NU, SU Santschi (1911), Santschi (1913b), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Wheeler (1936)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusperrisiinigeriensis Santschi, 1914 TA Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuspolyrhachioides Emery, 1898 BC, EQ, MN, MO Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuspompeiuscassius Wheeler, 1922 HU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuspompeius Forel, 1886 SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuspompeiusiota Santschi, 1926 Endemic BU Santschi (1926a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuspompeiusmarius Emery, 1899 BU, HU, KN, SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusposticus Santschi, 1926 TA Santschi (1926a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusprosulcatus Santschi, 1935 Endemic MN Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuspuberulus Emery, 1897 IT, KN Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusrotundinodis Santschi, 1935 Endemic MO Santschi (1935a), Weber (1943)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusroubaudi Santschi, 1911 NK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusrufoglaucuscontroversus Santschi, 1916 HK Santschi (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusrufoglaucussyphax Wheeler, 1922 BC, SU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotussankisianus Forel, 1913 BC, HK, HL Forel (1913a), Santschi (1913b), Wheeler (1922b), Arnold (1946)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusschoutedeni Forel, 1911 BC, KN, MN, MO, NK Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotussericeus (Fabricius, 1798) BU, HK, HU, NK, SK, SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963), Prins (1964), Weber (1964)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotussericeussulgeri Santschi, 1913 SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotussimus Emery, 1908 SA Emery (1908), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotussimusmanidis Forel, 1909 Endemic BC Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotussolon Forel, 1886 BC, BU, HK, HU, KN, KS, MA, SA, SU, TO Forel (1909), Forel (1910b), Stitz (1910), Forel (1913c), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotussolonjugurtha Emery, 1925 Endemic TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvestitus (Smith, 1858) HK, TA Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvestitusanthracinus Santschi, 1930 SA Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvestitusintuens Santschi, 1926 IT, KN Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvestituslujai Santschi, 1930 SA Santschi (1930a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvividus (Smith, 1858) BC, EQ, HK, KN, SA, SU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943), Weber (1964), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvividuscato Forel, 1913 BC, BU, HL, HU, MN, TO Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926c), Santschi (1935a), Weber (1943)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvividusmeinerti Forel, 1886 BC, EQ, KN, KS, SA, SU Santschi (1910), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Santschi (1926c), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvividusreginae Forel, 1901 HK, SA Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvividussemidepilis Wheeler, 1922 BC, HU, KN Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926c)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotusvulpus Santschi, 1926 Endemic MN Santschi (1926b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuswellmani Forel, 1909 HK, HU, NK, TA, TO Forel (1909), Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuswellmanigamma Santschi, 1926 KL Santschi (1926a)
Formicinae Camponotus Camponotuswellmanirufipartis Forel, 1916 Endemic HU Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotaalbata (Santschi, 1935) Endemic KS Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotaambigua (Santschi, 1935) HU Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacacozela (Stitz, 1916) HU, MO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacanescens (Emery, 1897) BC, KN, SK, TO Forel (1911b), Stitz (1911), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacanescenslatior (Santschi, 1935) HU Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacapensis (Mayr, 1862) HK, HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacapensisanceps (Forel, 1916) HU, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacapensisguineensis (Mayr, 1902) BC Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacapensissimplicoides (Forel, 1907) BC, HL Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacapensisspecularis (Santschi, 1935) HU, SU Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacapitata (Forel, 1913) Endemic HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacarbonaria (Emery, 1892) BC, IT, SK, TO Stitz (1911), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Finzi (1939)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotacurta (Emery, 1897) MO Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Finzi (1939)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotagerardi (Santschi, 1915) Endemic TA Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotahirsuta (Santschi, 1914) KS Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotahirsutasetosella (Santschi, 1935) Endemic BC, KN, MN Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotaimperfectacongolensis (Santschi, 1935) Endemic MO Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotaincisa (Forel, 1913) HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Prins (1964)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotanigrisetosa (Santschi, 1935) Endemic KS Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotaoculata (Santschi, 1935) HU Santschi (1935a), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotapalpalis (Santschi, 1935) Endemic BC Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotapiliscapa (Santschi, 1935) Endemic MN Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotapiliscapalongipilosa (Santschi, 1935) Endemic TA Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotapiliscapapunctifrons (Santschi, 1935) Endemic MO Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotaschoutedeni (Santschi, 1935) Endemic HU Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotasubmetallica (Arnold, 1920) KS Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotatenuipilis (Santschi, 1935) Endemic BC Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Lepisiota Lepisiotavalidiuscula (Emery, 1897) BC, HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943), Santschi (1935a)
Formicinae Nylanderia Nylanderialepida (Santschi, 1915) TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Lapolla et al. (2011)
Formicinae Nylanderia Nylanderiamendica (Menozzi, 1942) IT Lapolla et al. (2011)
Formicinae Nylanderia Nylanderiavividula (Nylander, 1846) BU Wheeler (1922a)
Formicinae Nylanderia Nylanderiawaelbroecki (Emery, 1899) Endemic KN Emery (1899), Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Wheeler (1922b), Lapolla et al. (2011)
Formicinae Oecophylla Oecophyllalonginoda (Latreille, 1802) BC, BU, EQ, HL, HU, IT, KC, KL, KN, KS, MA, MN, MO, NK, SA, SK, SU, TO, TU Forel (1909), Santschi (1910), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Weber (1949a), Wetterer (2017a), Wetterer (2017b), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Formicinae Oecophylla Oecophyllalonginodaannectens Wheeler, 1922 BC, HU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Cole and Jones (1948)
Formicinae Oecophylla Oecophyllalonginodafusca Emery, 1899 HU, SU, TO Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Cole and Jones (1948)
Formicinae Oecophylla Oecophyllalonginodarubriceps Wheeler, 1922 BC, BU, TO Santschi (1919a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Cole and Jones (1948)
Formicinae Oecophylla Oecophyllalonginodarufescens Santschi, 1928 HU, MO Santschi (1928b)
Formicinae Oecophylla Oecophyllalonginodataeniata Santschi, 1928 Endemic KL Santschi (1928b)
Formicinae Paraparatrechina Paraparatrechinabufona (Wheeler, 1922) HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber and Anderson (1950), Lapolla (2004)
Formicinae Paraparatrechina Paraparatrechinasubtilis (Santschi, 1920) IT Lapolla et al. (2010)
Formicinae Paraparatrechina Paraparatrechinaweissi (Santschi, 1910) BU, HU, IT Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber and Anderson (1950), Brown (1957b), Lapolla (2004)
Formicinae Paratrechina Paratrechinalongicornis (Latreille, 1802) Exotic BC, IT, KN, KS, MN, SU, TO Forel (1901b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Wetterer (2008b)
Formicinae Plagiolepis Plagiolepisexigua Forel, 1894 Endemic HL Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Finzi (1939)
Formicinae Plagiolepis Plagiolepismediorufa Forel, 1916 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Plagiolepis Plagiolepispuncta Forel, 1910 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisaerope Wheeler, 1922 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisalexisi Forel, 1916 - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973), Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisalluaudi Emery, 1892 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisconcava André, 1889 BC, BU, HU, IT, KL, KN, MN, TO, TU Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachiscornuta Stitz, 1910 Endemic KN Stitz (1910), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachiscurta André, 1890 KN Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisdecemdentata André, 1889 BC, EQ, HU, KN, KS, MO, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisepinotalis Santschi, 1924 BC, HK, NK, SK Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisesarata Bolton, 1973 BC Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisfissa Mayr, 1902 BC, KS, MA, MN Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisgagates Smith, 1858 BC, HL, KG, KL, KN, LO, MA, MN, NK, SU, TA Forel (1909), Santschi (1910), Forel (1910b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913b), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963), Prins (1964), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachiskohli Forel, 1916 Endemic - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachislaboriosa Smith, 1858 BC, EQ, HU, KN, KS, LO, LU, MN, MO, SA, TO, TU Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachislatispina Emery, 1925 EQ, HU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachislauta Santschi, 1910 KN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachislimitis Santschi, 1939 MA Bolton (1973), Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachismilitaris (Fabricius, 1782) BC, BU, EQ, HK, HL, HU, IT, KC, KL, KN, LO, LU, MA, MN, MO, NK, SA, SK, SU, TA, TO, TU Forel (1909), Stitz (1911), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Wheeler (1925), Bernard (1953), Bolton (1973), Rigato (2016), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachismonista Santschi, 1910 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisnigrita Mayr, 1895 BU, MO Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisotleti Forel, 1916 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973), Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisrevoili André, 1887 BC, KS, SA Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisrufipalpis Santschi, 1910 BC, KS, MN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisschistacea (Gerstäcker, 1859) BC, BU, HK, HL, HU, IT, KC, KL, KN, KS, LO, LU, MA, MN, NK, NU, SA, SK, SU, TA, TO Forel (1910b), Santschi (1910), Stitz (1910), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Santschi (1913b), Santschi (1914), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Santschi (1933), Weber (1943), Prins (1963), Prins (1964), Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisspinicola Forel, 1894 - Prins (1964)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisspitteleri Forel, 1916 - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973), Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachissulcata André, 1895 - Wheeler (1922b)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisviscosa Smith, 1858 HU, KL, MN Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Bolton (1973), Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisvolkarti Forel, 1916 - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973), Rigato (2016)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachisweissi Santschi, 1910 HU, SA, TO Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1973), Rigato (2016), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Formicinae Polyrhachis Polyrhachiswellmani Forel, 1909 HK Bolton (1973)
Formicinae Santschiella Santschiellakohli Forel, 1916 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Atopomyrmex Atopomyrmexcryptoceroides Emery, 1892 BC, EQ, HK, IT, KS, SA, SU, TO Forel (1911a), Forel (1913a), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1981a), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Atopomyrmex Atopomyrmexmocquerysi André, 1889 BC, BU, EQ, HL, HU, MN, MO, SA, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1981a), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Bondroitia Bondroitialujae (Forel, 1909) KC, SA Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Calyptomyrmex Calyptomyrmexbrevis Weber, 1943 IT, NK Weber (1952b), Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Calyptomyrmex Calyptomyrmexclavatus Weber, 1952 TO Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Calyptomyrmex Calyptomyrmexduhun Bolton, 1981 NK Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Calyptomyrmex Calyptomyrmexnummuliticus Santschi, 1914 IT, NK Weber (1952b), Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Calyptomyrmex Calyptomyrmexpiripilis Santschi, 1923 IT, NK, SU, TA Santschi (1923), Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Calyptomyrmex Calyptomyrmexrennefer Bolton, 1981 NK, SK Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Calyptomyrmex Calyptomyrmexshasu Bolton, 1981 NK Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Cardiocondyla Cardiocondylaemeryi Forel, 1881 BC, KN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Smith (1944), Weber (1952b), Wetterer (2012a)
Myrmicinae Cardiocondyla Cardiocondylashuckardi Forel, 1891 NK Weber (1952b), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaraacuta (Weber, 1952) Endemic TO Weber (1952b)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaraamplacincta Santschi, 1926 Endemic HK Santschi (1926a)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaraamplaobscurithorax Santschi, 1926 Endemic HK Santschi (1926a)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaraamplarugosa Santschi, 1928 HK Santschi (1928b)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaraampla Santschi, 1912 Endemic - Santschi (1912), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaraangolensis (Santschi, 1914) - Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaraangolensiscongolensis (Forel, 1916) Endemic - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebarafrontalis (Weber, 1950) Endemic IT Weber (1950)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebarajunodi Forel, 1904 EQ, HK, HL, KC Forel (1909), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Wheeler (1936)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaralangi Wheeler, 1922 Endemic TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaralatro (Santschi, 1937) Endemic EQ Santschi (1937a), Weber (1950)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaramadibai Fischer & Azorsa, 2014 - Fischer et al. (2014)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaraosborni Wheeler, 1922 Endemic HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Wheeler (1936)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebarapetulca (Wheeler, 1922) Endemic BC Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Wheeler (1936)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaratermitolestes (Wheeler, 1918) BC, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Wheeler (1936), Weber (1943), Bolton and Belshaw (1993), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Carebara Carebaravidua Smith, 1858 HK, HU, IT Forel (1909), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusbequaerti Forel, 1913 EQ, HK, HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusbrevisetosus Forel, 1901 BC, KN, SA Bolton (1974a)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuscestus Bolton, 1982 Endemic IT Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusegenus Santschi, 1911 HU, IT, KN, KS, MN, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Santschi (1930a), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuselongatus Santschi, 1924 EQ Santschi (1924a)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuserinaceus Stitz, 1910 BU, EQ, HU, KN, KS, LO, MA, MN, MO, NK, SA, SU, TO, TU Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Santschi (1917), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusgreggi Bolton, 1974 IT, TO Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusguineensis Smith, 1853 BC, BU, EQ, HU, IT, KL, KN, KS, MN, MO, NK, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacushuberi André, 1890 EQ, HK, HU, IT, KS, MA, MN, MO, SU, TO Santschi (1910), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Wheeler (1925), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusinermis Santschi, 1924 Endemic KS Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusjeanneli Santschi, 1914 TO Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuskohli Mayr, 1895 BC, EQ, HU, KS, MN, MO, TO Santschi (1924a), Santschi (1930a), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuslobatus Mayr, 1895 SA Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuslujae Forel, 1911 HK, HL, HU, KS, SA, TO Forel (1911a), Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusmocquerysi André, 1889 BC Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuspilosus Santschi, 1920 TO Santschi (1920b), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuspullus Santschi, 1910 BC, EQ, TO Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacuspygmaeus André, 1890 BC, HU, IT, KN, KS, LU, MA, MN, MO, SA, SK, TO Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusstriativentris Santschi, 1924 HU, NU Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacustardus Santschi, 1914 BC, KN, MN, TO Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacustheobromicola Santschi, 1939 Endemic HU Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacustraegaordhi Santschi, 1914 BC, IT, KN, MN, MO, TO Santschi (1924a), Bernard (1953), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusvorticus Bolton, 1974 BC Bolton (1974a)
Myrmicinae Cataulacus Cataulacusweissi Santschi, 1913 BC, KN, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Santschi (1935b), Bolton (1974a), Bolton (1982), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasteracaciaegloriosa Santschi, 1914 Endemic BC Santschi (1914), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasteracaciaevictoriosa Santschi, 1916 SU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterafricanaalligatrix Forel, 1911 BC, KS, SA, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterafricanacamena Wheeler, 1922 Endemic - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterafricana Mayr, 1895 BC, KS, SA Forel (1909), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterafricanaschumanni Mayr, 1895 KN Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterafricanastanleyi Wheeler, 1922 IT, SA Forel (1911b), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterafricanastolonis Santschi, 1937 Endemic SA Santschi (1937a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterafricanathoracica Santschi, 1921 Endemic SA Santschi (1921)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterafricanatibialis Wheeler, 1922 NK Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterambigua Santschi, 1926 EQ Santschi (1926a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterangusticeps Santschi, 1911 - Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterbequaertiatraplex Wheeler, 1922 Endemic HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterbequaerti Forel, 1913 HK, HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1964), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterbequaertigerardi Santschi, 1915 Endemic TA Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterbequaertiludia Forel, 1913 Endemic HK, HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterbuchnericomposita Santschi, 1933 Endemic SA Santschi (1933)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterbuchnerigraeteri Forel, 1916 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterbuchneriuasina Santschi, 1935 - Santschi (1935b)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastercastaneaanalis Santschi, 1910 BC, TO Forel (1910b), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastercastaneabusschodtsi Emery, 1899 BC, KC, KN Emery (1899), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1928a), Santschi (1930a), Santschi (1935a), Prins (1964), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastercastaneainversa Forel, 1907 SA Forel (1911b), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastercastaneamediorufa Forel, 1907 - Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastercastanearufonigra Emery, 1895 HK Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastercastanea Smith, 1858 SA Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastercastaneayambatensis Forel, 1913 Endemic MO Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterclariventrisbiimpressa Mayr, 1895 MN, NK, SA Santschi (1921), Santschi (1933)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterclariventris Mayr, 1895 EQ, KS, SA, TO Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Santschi (1933), Santschi (1935a), Santschi (1935b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastercoelestis Santschi, 1911 KS, SA Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterconcava Emery, 1899 BU, EQ, KG, KN, KS, TO Emery (1899), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterdepressa (Latreille, 1802) BC, SA Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1928a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterdepressafuscipennis Emery, 1899 BC, BU, EQ, HL, HU, KN, NU, TO Emery (1899), Forel (1909), Santschi (1910), Forel (1910b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterexcisabomaella Santschi, 1935 Endemic BC Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterexcisa Mayr, 1895 BC, HU, KL, MN, SU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterflaviventris Santschi, 1910 HU, KL, SA Santschi (1910), Santschi (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Weber (1943), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterforaminicepsstaitchi Forel, 1915 Endemic IT Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastergabonensis Emery, 1899 BC, EQ, HL, MA Santschi (1926a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastergabonensisfuscitatis Forel, 1913 Endemic EQ, KN, KS, SA Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastergambiensis André, 1889 IT Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastergambiensissejuncta Stitz, 1916 Endemic HU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastergerstaeckerikohliella Santschi, 1918 Endemic TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastergerstaeckerioraclum Forel, 1913 HL, LU Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastergratiosa Santschi, 1926 MA Santschi (1926a), Santschi (1930a), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterimpressa Emery, 1899 BC, HU, KN, MA, NK, TO Emery (1899), Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Santschi (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterimpressamaynei Forel, 1913 Endemic KN Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterimpressasapora Forel, 1916 Endemic HU Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterimpressicepsfrontalis Wheeler, 1922 Endemic BC Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterimpressicepslongiscapa Stitz, 1916 Endemic SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterimpressicepslujana Forel, 1915 Endemic SA Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterimpressiceps Mayr, 1902 BC, HU, KS, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterjuventa Santschi, 1926 BC, MN Santschi (1926a), Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterkasaiensis Forel, 1913 KS, SA, TO Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterkneri Mayr, 1862 - Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterkohli Forel, 1909 IT, TO Forel (1909), Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterkohliwinkleri Forel, 1909 EQ, HU, KS, MN, SA Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913b), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterlaurenti Forel, 1909 MN, SA, TO Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Santschi (1937a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterlaurentizeta Emery, 1922 Endemic KN, MA, SA, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterlibengensisrufula Santschi, 1926 TO Santschi (1926a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterlibengensis Stitz, 1916 SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterlotti Weber, 1943 KN Weber (1964)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterluctansliebknechti Forel, 1915 Endemic EQ, HU, TO Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1933), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastermargaritaebrevarmata Forel, 1915 Endemic MO, SA Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Santschi (1935a), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Blaimer (2012)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastermargaritaecupida Santschi, 1935 Endemic KS Santschi (1935a), Blaimer (2012)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastermargaritaelujae Forel, 1913 Endemic KS, SA Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Blaimer (2012)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastermenilekiiproserpina Santschi, 1919 Endemic BC Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastermenilekiisatan Forel, 1916 Endemic - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastermenilekiispuria Forel, 1913 HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastermuralti Forel, 1910 KL, KS, MN, TO Santschi (1930a), Santschi (1935a), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasternigeriensiswilnigra Forel, 1916 Endemic TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasternigrans Forel, 1915 TO Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasteropacicepsclepens Forel, 1913 Endemic KN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterpauciseta Emery, 1899 TO Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Braet and Taylor (2008), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterpaucisetagrossulior Forel, 1916 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterpetiolidens Forel, 1916 Endemic - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterpseudinermis Viehmeyer, 1923 KN, KS, MN, MO Santschi (1926a), Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterrugosa André, 1895 KS, TO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterrugosior Santschi, 1910 EQ, KS, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Santschi (1926a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterruspoliiatriscapis Forel, 1915 Endemic TO Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastersantschii Forel, 1913 KN, KS, SA, TO Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Blaimer (2012)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastersewelliiacis Forel, 1913 KN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastersewelliimarnoi Mayr, 1895 NU Santschi (1910)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastersimilis Stitz, 1911 Endemic NK, TO Stitz (1911), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastersolenopsidesflavida Mayr, 1907 TO Forel (1916)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstadelmannianguliceps Stitz, 1916 BU Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstadelmannidolichocephala Santschi, 1911 HU, KL, MN, NU, SA, TO Santschi (1910), Santschi (1911), Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Blaimer (2012)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstadelmanni Mayr, 1895 KN, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstadelmanniovinodis Stitz, 1916 SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Blaimer (2012)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstadelmannischereri Forel, 1911 - Blaimer (2012)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstadelmannispissata Santschi, 1937 Endemic SA Santschi (1937a), Blaimer (2012)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstriatula Emery, 1892 BC, NU Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstriatulalangi Santschi, 1926 Endemic HU Santschi (1926a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstriatulaobstinata Santschi, 1911 BC, BU, KN, MN, NU Santschi (1911), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterstriatulaomega Santschi, 1935 Endemic BC, EQ, KS, MN, MO Santschi (1926a), Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastertheta Forel, 1911 Endemic BU, EQ, HU, KS, SA, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913b), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1933), Santschi (1935a), Santschi (1937a), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastertransiens Forel, 1913 Endemic HL, TA, TO Forel (1913a), Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogastertricolor Gerstäcker, 1859 SA Forel (1911b)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterwasmanni Santschi, 1910 SA Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterwellmaniluciae Forel, 1913 IT Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterwellmaniweissi Santschi, 1910 NU Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterwilwerthiconfusa Santschi, 1911 NU Santschi (1911), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterwilwerthifauconneti Forel, 1910 Endemic MA, TO Forel (1910b), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Crematogaster Crematogasterwilwerthi Santschi, 1910 Endemic BC Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b), Soulie and Dicko (1965)
Myrmicinae Cyphoidris Cyphoidrisspinosa Weber, 1952 NK Weber (1952b), Bolton (1981a), Taylor (2009)
Myrmicinae Dicroaspis Dicroaspiscryptocera Emery, 1908 TO Emery (1908), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Dicroaspis Dicroaspislaevidens (Santschi, 1919) TO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1981b), Collingwood and Van Harten (2005)
Myrmicinae Melissotarsus Melissotarsusemeryi Forel, 1907 KG Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Melissotarsus Melissotarsusweissi Santschi, 1910 KS, LO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Bolton (1982)
Myrmicinae Meranoplus Meranoplusclypeatus Bernard, 1953 HU Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Meranoplus Meranoplusinermis Emery, 1895 HU, LU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943), Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Meranoplus Meranoplusmagrettii André, 1884 TA Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Meranoplus Meranoplusnanus André, 1892 HU, LU Bolton (1981b)
Myrmicinae Microdaceton Microdacetontibialis Weber, 1952 IT, TO Weber (1952b), Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumaffabile Santschi, 1926 Endemic NU Santschi (1926a), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumafrum André, 1884 BU, HL, HU Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumaltinode Santschi, 1910 BC, TA Santschi (1920a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Bolton (1987), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumangustinode Forel, 1913 HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1987), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumbequaerti Forel, 1913 HK, KS Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a), Bolton (1987),Bolton 1987
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumbicolor Emery, 1877 HU, IT, KN, KS, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumcaptator Santschi, 1936 - Bolton (1987), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumegens Forel, 1910 IT, KS, TA Santschi (1926a), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumexiguum Forel, 1894 KN, TO Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Finzi (1939), Bolton (1987), Heterick (2006), Sharaf et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumfloricola (Jerdon, 1851) Exotic - Wetterer (2010)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumgabrielense Forel, 1916 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriuminquietum Santschi, 1926 HU Santschi (1926a), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriummadecassum Forel, 1892 TO Forel (1905), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1928b), Bolton (1987), Heterick (2006)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriummalatu Bolton, 1987 BC, HU Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumopacum Forel, 1913 HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumpharaonis (Linnaeus, 1758) BC, SA, TO Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumrosae Santschi, 1920 BC, SK Santschi (1920a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumstrangulatum Santschi, 1921 IT Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumsubdentatum Forel, 1913 Endemic HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Monomorium Monomoriumvaguum Santschi, 1930 KN Santschi (1930a), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaexigua André, 1890 MO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaexiguakisangani Wheeler, 1922 TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaexiguaobscura Santschi, 1920 BC Santschi (1920b), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaexiguapulla Santschi, 1920 Endemic MA, TO Santschi (1920b), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaexiguarufiventris Forel, 1915 Endemic IT, KL, TO Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariafumatalinearis Santschi, 1925 Endemic MN Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariafumata Santschi, 1916 SU Bernard (1953)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariafusca Stitz, 1911 IT, NK Stitz (1911), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariairregularis Santschi, 1925 BC, EQ, KS, SA Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicarianatalensis (Smith, 1858) LO, SA, TA Santschi (1925), Santschi (1930a), Santschi (1933)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicarianatalensiseumenoides (Gerstäcker, 1859) IT, KN, NK, SK, TO Stitz (1911), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicarianatalensistaeniata Santschi, 1930 HK Santschi (1930b)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaopaciventriscongolensis Forel, 1909 BC, HK, IT, KN, MN, MO, NK, SA Forel (1909), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1925), Wheeler (1925), Weber (1964)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaopaciventriscrucheti Santschi, 1925 HU, KC, KN, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaopaciventris Emery, 1893 BC, BU, HU, KN, MA, NK, SU, TO Santschi (1910), Stitz (1910), Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariaopaciventrismesonotalis Santschi, 1925 Endemic HU, SA, SU Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariasalambo Wheeler, 1922 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariastriatabuttgenbachi Forel, 1913 Endemic HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1925)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariastriata Stitz, 1911 HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Myrmicaria Myrmicariastriatula Santschi, 1925 BC Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Nesomyrmex Nesomyrmexevelynae (Forel, 1916) TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1982), Hita Garcia et al. (2017a)
Myrmicinae Nesomyrmex Nesomyrmexgrisoni (Forel, 1916) TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1982), Hita Garcia et al. (2017a)
Myrmicinae Nesomyrmex Nesomyrmexinnocens (Forel, 1913) HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1982), Hita Garcia et al. (2017a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolealbidula Santschi, 1928 KG Santschi (1928b), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleaurivilliiattenuata Santschi, 1910 HU, MA, NK Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleaurivilliikasaiensis Forel, 1911 SA, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleaurivillii Mayr, 1896 MN Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleaurivilliirubricalva Forel, 1915 Endemic TO Forel (1915), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolebatrachorum Wheeler, 1922 BU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Fischer et al. (2012)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolebequaerti Forel, 1913 HL Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolebuchholzi Mayr, 1901 KL, MO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolecaffrabayeri Forel, 1916 NK Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolecaffrasenilifrons Wheeler, 1922 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolechristinae Fischer, Hita Garcia & Peters, 2012 IT Fischer et al. (2012)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolecorticicola Santschi, 1910 NU Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolecrassinodaruspolii Emery, 1897 IT Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoledea Santschi, 1921 NK Fischer et al. (2012), Gómez et al. (2022)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleexcellensfulvobasalis Santschi, 1921 BU Santschi (1921)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleexcellensweissi Santschi, 1910 BC Santschi (1930a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleglabrella Fischer, Hita Garcia & Peters, 2012 BU Fischer et al. (2012), Gómez et al. (2022)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolekohli Mayr, 1901 HU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleliengmei Forel, 1894 - Weber (1943)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleliengmeishinsendensis Forel, 1913 HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolemegacephala (Fabricius, 1793) BC, BU, HU, SU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Wetterer (2012c)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolemegacephalaatrox Forel, 1913 HK, HL Forel (1913a), Santschi (1937a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolemegacephalailgii Forel, 1907 IT Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolemegacephalaimpressifrons Wasmann, 1905 HK Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolemegacephalamelancholica Santschi, 1912 EQ, HU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolemegacephalankomoana Forel, 1916 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleminimamalelana Wheeler, 1922 Endemic BC Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleminimamylognatha Wheeler, 1922 BC Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleneokohli Wilson, 1984 Endemic TO Wilson (1984), Lampe et al. (2006)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolephilippi Emery, 1915 TO Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolepulchella Santschi, 1910 BU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Fischer et al. (2012)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolepunctulata Mayr, 1866 BC, BU, HK, HL, HU, KC, KN, KS, LU, MN, SA, SK, SU, TO Forel (1909), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a), Prins (1963), Weber (1964)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolepunctulatasubatrox Santschi, 1937 Endemic EQ, TO Santschi (1937a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleretronitens Santschi, 1930 KS Santschi (1930a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolesaxicola Wheeler, 1922 BC, SU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleschoutedeni Forel, 1913 HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Braet and Taylor (2008)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoleschoutedeniplatycephala Stitz, 1916 Endemic SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolesculpturataberthoudi Forel, 1894 BC, KN, NU Santschi (1910), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolesculpturatadignata Santschi, 1915 BC, NU Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolesculpturata Mayr, 1866 BC, KN, NU Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolesculpturatawelgelegenensis Forel, 1913 HK Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolesetosa Fischer, Hita Garcia & Peters, 2012 Endemic IT Fischer et al. (2012)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolespeculiferabispecula Santschi, 1930 Endemic HU Santschi (1930a)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolespeculiferacubangensis Forel, 1901 MO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolespeculifera Emery, 1877 HU, IT, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1964), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidoletenuinodis Mayr, 1901 TO Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Pheidole Pheidolevanderveldi Forel, 1913 HL Forel (1913a), Arnold (1920), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Pristomyrmex Pristomyrmexafricanus Karavaiev, 1931 BC, IT, KN, NK, TO Weber (1952b), Bolton (1981a), Wang (2003), Laciny et al. (2016)
Myrmicinae Pristomyrmex Pristomyrmexorbiceps (Santschi, 1914) BU, MN Santschi (1924a), Weber (1952b), Bolton (1981a), Wang (2003)
Myrmicinae Pristomyrmex Pristomyrmextrogor Bolton, 1981 SK Bolton (1981a), Wang (2003)
Myrmicinae Solenopsis Solenopsisgeminata (Fabricius, 1804) Exotic MA, NU Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Solenopsis Solenopsispunctaticepscaffra Forel, 1894 HK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b)
Myrmicinae Solenopsis Solenopsispunctaticepskibaliensis Wheeler, 1922 Endemic HK, HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1964)
Myrmicinae Solenopsis Solenopsispunctaticeps Mayr, 1865 KN, MA Forel (1911b), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Solenopsis Solenopsisugandensiscongolensis Santschi, 1935 Endemic KS Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysbehasyla (Bolton, 1983) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysbellatrix (Bolton, 2000) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysbequaerti Santschi, 1923 NK Santschi (1923), Brown (1952), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysbernardi Brown, 1960 IT, TO Brown (1960), Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysbitheria Bolton, 1983 TO Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenyscavinasis (Brown, 1950) IT, NK Brown (1950b), Weber (1952a), Brown (1953), Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysconcolor Santschi, 1914 HU, IT, NK Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysdextra Brown, 1954 IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysdotaja (Bolton, 1983) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysenkara (Bolton, 1983) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysfenkara (Bolton, 1983) KN Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenyshensekta (Bolton, 1983) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysinquilina (Bolton, 1983) Endemic SK Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysludovici Forel, 1904 IT, NK, TO Brown (1952), Weber (1952a), Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenyslujae Forel, 1902 BC, HU, IT, MA, MO, NK, SK, TA, TO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Brown (1952), Weber (1952a), Bernard (1953), Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysmalaplax (Bolton, 1983) TO Bolton (1983)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysmaynei Forel, 1916 EQ, MO, NK, TO Brown (1952)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysmormo (Bolton, 2000) Endemic - Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysninda (Bolton, 1983) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenyspetiolata Bernard, 1953 IT, NK Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenyspiliversa (Bolton, 2000) Endemic IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysrelahyla Bolton, 1983 IT Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysrogeri Emery, 1890 KL Bolton (2000),
Wetterer (2012b)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysroomi (Bolton, 1972) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysrufobrunea Santschi, 1914 IT Brown (1954)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenyssarissa Bolton, 1983 SK Bolton (1983)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysserrula Santschi, 1910 HU, IT, KS, NK, TO Santschi (1923), Brown (1952), Weber (1952a), Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenyssimoni Emery, 1895 HK, TO Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1952), Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenyssistrura (Bolton, 1983) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenystacta (Bolton, 1983) IT, TO Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenystethepa (Bolton, 2000) IT Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysweberi (Brown, 1959) HU Brown (1959), Bolton (1983), Bolton (2000)
Myrmicinae Strumigenys Strumigenysxenohyla Bolton, 1983 IT Bolton (1983)
Myrmicinae Syllophopsis Syllophopsiscryptobia Santschi, 1921 - Bolton (1987), Heterick (2006), Sharaf and Aldawood (2013)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumaculeatum (Mayr, 1866) BC, BU, EQ, HU, IT, KN, KS, MO, NK, SA, SU, TO Forel (1901a), Emery (1908), Forel (1909), Forel (1913c), Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Santschi (1919b), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Santschi (1933), Santschi (1935a), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumafricanum (Mayr, 1866) BU, KN, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1916), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumagna (Santschi, 1935) Endemic EQ Santschi (1935a), Bolton (1976)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumakengense (Wheeler, 1922) BU, KS Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumamissum Bolton, 1980 Endemic SK Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumangulinode Santschi, 1910 EQ, HU, IT, KG, KN, NK, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1928b), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumbequaerti Forel, 1913 HK, HL Forel (1913a), Arnold (1917), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumboltoni Hita Garcia, Fischer & Peters, 2010 IT, KL, TO
Hita Garcia et al. (2010), Hita Garcia and Fischer (2014)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumbrevispinosum (Stitz, 1910) IT, MO, NK, TO Santschi (1935a), Bolton (1976)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumbuthrum Bolton, 1980 HU Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumcaldarium (Roger, 1857) HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1979), Bolton (1980), Wetterer and Hita Garcia (2015)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumcandidum Bolton, 1980 SK Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumcapillosum Bolton, 1980 IT Hita Garcia and Fisher (2013)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumcoloreum Mayr, 1901 IT Brown (1957a), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumcristatum Stitz, 1910 BC, HU, SA Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Weber (1943), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumdolichosum Bolton, 1980 Endemic LU Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumdumezi Menozzi, 1942 BC, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumedouardi Forel, 1894 SK, TO Stitz (1911), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1928b), Levieux (1972), Bolton (1980), Hita Garcia et al. (2010)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumgabonense (André, 1892) BC, BU, HU, IT, MO, NK, SA, SU, TO Menozzi (1932)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumgazense Arnold, 1958 HK, LU Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumgegaimi Forel, 1916 TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumglobulinode (Mayr, 1901) - Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1976), Bolton (1986)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumguineense (Bernard, 1953) HK, HU, IT Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1980), Hita Garcia et al. (2010), Hita Garcia and Fischer (2014)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumhumbloti Forel, 1891 HK Santschi (1935a), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriuminezulae (Forel, 1914) LU Bolton (1976)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumkestrum Bolton, 1980 HU Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumkhyarum Bolton, 1980 BC, SU Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumlucayanum Wheeler, 1905 KN Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1964a), Bolton (1979), Bolton (1980), Wetterer (2013b)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriummeressei Forel, 1916 NK Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriummuralti Forel, 1910 BU, IT, LO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b), Hita Garcia et al. (2010)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriummuscorum Arnold, 1926 IT, NK Bolton (1976)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumnodiferum (Emery, 1901) HU Santschi (1924a)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumnotiale Bolton, 1980 LU Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumoccidentale (Santschi, 1916) BU, IT, KS, LO Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumopacum (Emery, 1909) BC, NK Forel (1909), Forel (1916), Santschi (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1964b), Bolton (1976), Bolton (1986)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumpeutli Forel, 1916 IT, MN, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumphasias Forel, 1914 KN Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumpostpetiolatum Santschi, 1919 Endemic IT, LO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1957a), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumpulcherrimum (Donisthorpe, 1945) IT Bolton (1976)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumpullulum Santschi, 1924 HU, NK Santschi (1924a), Santschi (1935a), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumquadridentatum Stitz, 1910 HU, IT, TO Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1980), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumqualarum Bolton, 1980 TO Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumrhetidum Bolton, 1980 IT Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumrotundatum (Santschi, 1924) - Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumschoutedeni Santschi, 1924 Endemic MN Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1980), Hita Garcia et al. (2010)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumsericeiventre Emery, 1877 BC, HK, HL, HU, IT, KC, KE, KG, KS, SA, SU, TA, TO Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924a), Santschi (1928b), Bolton (1980), Hita Garcia and Fisher (2011), Hita Garcia and Fisher (2012)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumsetigerum Mayr, 1901 BU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumsetuliferum Emery, 1895 - Mbanyana (2013), Mbanyana et al. (2018)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumsimillimum (Smith, 1851) KN, KS, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumsusannae Hita Garcia, Fischer & Peters, 2010 IT, KN Hita Garcia et al. (2010)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumtabarum Bolton, 1980 IT Bolton (1980), Hita Garcia and Fisher (2013)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumtalpa (Bolton, 1976) Endemic KL Bolton (1976)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumtermitobium Emery, 1908 IT, SA Emery (1908), Wheeler (1922b), Levieux (1972), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumtrimeni (Emery, 1895) EQ, TO Santschi (1935a)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumubangense Santschi, 1937 Endemic NU Santschi (1937a), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumuelense Santschi, 1923 HU Santschi (1923), Bolton (1976), Hita Garcia and Fisher (2014)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumunicum Bolton, 1980 NK Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumvenator Hita Garcia & Fisher, 2014 HK, IT, KL Hita Garcia and Fisher (2014)
Myrmicinae Tetramorium Tetramoriumweitzeckeri Emery, 1895 HK, HU, IT, NK Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943), Prins (1963), Bolton (1980)
Myrmicinae Trichomyrmex Trichomyrmexdestructor (Jerdon, 1851) Exotic HK Weber (1964), Wetterer (2008a)
Myrmicinae Trichomyrmex Trichomyrmexepinotalis (Santschi, 1923) Endemic KC Santschi (1923), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Trichomyrmex Trichomyrmexoscaris (Forel, 1894) HL, HU Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Finzi (1939), Bolton (1987)
Myrmicinae Trichomyrmex Trichomyrmexrobustior (Forel, 1892) HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Ponerinae Anochetus Anochetusafricanus (Mayr, 1865) HU, KS, LU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Santschi (1935b), Brown (1978)
Ponerinae Anochetus Anochetusbequaerti Forel, 1913 BU, HK, HL, HU, NK Forel (1913a), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1978)
Ponerinae Anochetus Anochetusfuliginosus Arnold, 1948 IT Brown (1978)
Ponerinae Anochetus Anochetusmaynei Forel, 1913 KN Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1978)
Ponerinae Anochetus Anochetusobscuratus Santschi, 1911 KC, KL, KS Santschi (1923), Brown (1978)
Ponerinae Anochetus Anochetuspellucidus Emery, 1902 IT, MO Santschi (1923), Brown (1978)
Ponerinae Anochetus Anochetuspunctaticeps Mayr, 1901 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Ponerinae Anochetus Anochetustraegaordhi Mayr, 1904 MN, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Brown (1964c), Brown (1978)
Ponerinae Bothroponera Bothroponeraancilla (Emery, 1899) TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Ponerinae Bothroponera Bothroponerapachyderma (Emery, 1901) BC, BU, HU, IT, KL, TO Santschi (1920a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943), Joma and Mackay (2020)
Ponerinae Bothroponera Bothroponerarubescens Santschi, 1937 NU Schmidt and Shattuck (2014), Joma and Mackay (2020)
Ponerinae Bothroponera Bothroponerasanguinea (Santschi, 1920) - Joma and Mackay (2020)
Ponerinae Bothroponera Bothroponerasoror (Emery, 1899) BC, BU, HK, HL, HU, IT, KL, KS, MN, NK, TO Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Santschi (1937a), Weber (1943), Prins (1963), Prins (1964), Joma and Mackay (2017), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Ponerinae Bothroponera Bothroponeratalpa André, 1890 BU, HU, NK, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Yamagiwa et al. (1991), Joma and Mackay (2020)
Ponerinae Brachyponera Brachyponerasennaarensis (Mayr, 1862) BC, BU, HK, HL, HU, KN, NK, SU, TO Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Prins (1964), Rafinejad et al. (2009), Wetterer (2013a)
Ponerinae Centromyrmex Centromyrmexangolensis Santschi, 1937 IT, LU, TO Bolton and Fisher (2008a)
Ponerinae Centromyrmex Centromyrmexbequaerti (Forel, 1913) HK, KL, MA, TO Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1963), Bolton and Fisher (2008a)
Ponerinae Centromyrmex Centromyrmexdecessor Bolton & Fisher, 2008 TA, TO Bolton and Fisher (2008a)
Ponerinae Centromyrmex Centromyrmexereptor Bolton & Fisher, 2008 TO Bolton and Fisher (2008a)
Ponerinae Centromyrmex Centromyrmexfugator Bolton & Fisher, 2008 KN Bolton and Fisher (2008a)
Ponerinae Centromyrmex Centromyrmexpraedator Bolton & Fisher, 2008 Endemic KL Bolton and Fisher (2008a)
Ponerinae Centromyrmex Centromyrmexsellaris Mayr, 1896 HK, HU, IT, SK Weber (1949b), Weber (1964), Bolton and Fisher (2008a)
Ponerinae Euponera Euponerabrunoi (Forel, 1913) HK Santschi (1933), Brown (1963)
Ponerinae Euponera Euponerasjostedti (Mayr, 1896) BC Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b)
Ponerinae Hypoponera Hypoponeracamerunensis (Santschi, 1914) IT Bolton and Fisher (2011)
Ponerinae Hypoponera Hypoponeracoeca (Santschi, 1914) TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Ponerinae Hypoponera Hypoponeradulcis (Forel, 1907) IT Bolton and Fisher (2011)
Ponerinae Hypoponera Hypoponerainaudax (Santschi, 1919) IT, TO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b), Braet and Taylor (2008), Bolton and Fisher (2011)
Ponerinae Hypoponera Hypoponeramolesta Bolton & Fisher, 2011 IT Bolton and Fisher (2011)
Ponerinae Hypoponera Hypoponerapunctatissima (Roger, 1859) BC, HK, HU, SK, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1933), Delabie and Blard (2002), Bolton and Fisher (2011)
Ponerinae Hypoponera Hypoponerasegnis Bolton & Fisher, 2011 SK Bolton and Fisher (2011)
Ponerinae Hypoponera Hypoponeraursa (Santschi, 1924) NK, SK Santschi (1924a), Santschi (1933), Santschi (1935b), Bolton and Fisher (2011)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysankhesa Bolton, 1975 Endemic BC Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenyscamerunensis Stitz, 1910 BU, MN, TO Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysconradti Forel, 1913 HK Santschi (1937a)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenyscrustosa Santschi, 1914 HK, IT Santschi (1937a), Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysergatogyna Wheeler, 1922 HU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysexcellens Bolton, 1975 Endemic TO Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysferrarii Forel, 1913 HK, TA Santschi (1915), Wheeler (1922b), Bernard (1953), Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysintermedia Emery, 1902 KL, SK Stitz (1911), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1926a), Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysmaxillosa (Smith, 1858) HK Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysravida Bolton, 1975 Endemic SK Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenysstrator Bolton, 1975 Endemic NK Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Leptogenys Leptogenystrilobata Santschi, 1924 BC Santschi (1924a), Bolton (1975b)
Ponerinae Loboponera Loboponeranasica (Santschi, 1920) - Levieux (1972)
Ponerinae Loboponera Loboponeratrica Bolton & Brown, 2002 IT Fisher (2006)
Ponerinae Loboponera Loboponeravigilans Bolton & Brown, 2002 KL Bolton and Brown (2002)
Ponerinae Megaponera Megaponeraanalis (Latreille, 1802) BC, BU, HK, HL, HU, IT, KS, MA, MO, NK, NU, SA, SK, SU, TO Forel (1911b), Stitz (1911), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1923), Santschi (1930a), Prins (1963), Weber (1964), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Ponerinae Megaponera Megaponeraanalisrapax Santschi, 1914 BC Santschi (1923)
Ponerinae Megaponera Megaponeraanalistermitivora (Santschi, 1930) BC Santschi (1930a)
Ponerinae Mesoponera Mesoponeracaffraria (Smith, 1858) - Prins (1964)
Ponerinae Mesoponera Mesoponeraingesta (Wheeler, 1922) BU, HU, MA Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Weber (1943)
Ponerinae Mesoponera Mesoponerascolopax (Emery, 1899) SU Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b)
Ponerinae Mesoponera Mesoponerasubiridescens (Wheeler, 1922) BU, HU, NK Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943), Yamagiwa et al. (1991)
Ponerinae Odontomachus Odontomachusassiniensis Emery, 1892 BC, BU, HU, KN, MA, NK, SU, TO Forel (1910a), Stitz (1910), Emery (1911), Forel (1913a), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Weber (1943), Brown (1976), Yamagiwa et al. (1991)
Ponerinae Odontomachus Odontomachustroglodytes Santschi, 1914 IT, NK, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Yamagiwa et al. (1991), Fisher and Smith (2008)
Ponerinae Paltothyreus Paltothyreustarsatus (Fabricius, 1798) BC, BU, EQ, HK, HU, IT, KN, KS, MA, MN, NK, SA, SU, TO Forel (1909), Stitz (1911), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Yamagiwa et al. (1991)
Ponerinae Paltothyreus Paltothyreustarsatusmedianus Santschi, 1919 SU Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922b)
Ponerinae Parvaponera Parvaponeradarwiniiafricana (Forel, 1909) BC, TO Forel (1909), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1935b)
Ponerinae Phrynoponera Phrynoponerabequaerti Wheeler, 1922 HU, IT Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Maes and Mackay (1993), Bolton and Fisher (2008a), Bolton and Fisher (2008b),Braet and Taylor (2008)
Ponerinae Phrynoponera Phrynoponeragabonensis (André, 1892) BU, HU, IT, KL, KN, NK, TA, TO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Menozzi (1942), Weber (1943), Brown (1950a), Bolton and Fisher (2008a), Bolton and Fisher (2008b)
Ponerinae Phrynoponera Phrynoponerasveni (Forel, 1916) HU, TA Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton and Fisher (2008a), Bolton and Fisher (2008b)
Ponerinae Platythyrea Platythyreaarnoldi Forel, 1913 MA Santschi (1937a)
Ponerinae Platythyrea Platythyreaconradti Emery, 1899 KC, MN, TO Forel (1915), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1930a), Santschi (1933), Brown (1975), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Ponerinae Platythyrea Platythyreacribrinodis (Gerstäcker, 1859) HK Weber (1943)
Ponerinae Platythyrea Platythyreafrontalis Emery, 1899 KS Santschi (1933)
Ponerinae Platythyrea Platythyreagracillima Wheeler, 1922 HU, TO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a)
Ponerinae Platythyrea Platythyrealamellosa (Roger, 1860) MA Forel (1913c), Wheeler (1922b), Prins (1963)
Ponerinae Platythyrea Platythyreamodesta Emery, 1899 BC, MA, SU, TO Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1975), Van De Perre et al. (2018)
Ponerinae Platythyrea Platythyreaschultzei Forel, 1910 HK, HL, MA Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1975),Brown 1975
Ponerinae Plectroctena Plectroctenacristata Emery, 1899 BU, HU, KS, MO Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924b), Bolton (1974b), Bolton and Brown (2002)
Ponerinae Plectroctena Plectroctenadentata Santschi, 1912 - Bolton (1974b)
Ponerinae Plectroctena Plectroctenalaevior Stitz, 1924 Endemic SK Santschi (1924b), Bolton (1974b), Bolton and Brown (2002)
Ponerinae Plectroctena Plectroctenalatinodis Santschi, 1924 KN Santschi (1924b), Bolton (1974b), Bolton and Brown (2002),Bolton and Brown 2002
Ponerinae Plectroctena Plectroctenamandibularis Smith, 1858 EQ, HK, HL, LU, NK, TA Forel (1909), Forel (1913a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924b), Bolton (1974b)
Ponerinae Plectroctena Plectroctenaminor Emery, 1892 BC, BU, EQ, HK, KL, KN, TO Stitz (1910), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1924b), Bolton (1974b), Bolton and Brown (2002)
Ponerinae Plectroctena Plectroctenaugandensis Menozzi, 1932 EQ Bolton (1974b)
Ponerinae Psalidomyrmex Psalidomyrmexprocerus Emery, 1901 BU, HU, IT, KN, NK Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1937a), Bolton (1975a), Bolton and Brown (2002)
Ponerinae Psalidomyrmex Psalidomyrmexreichenspergeri Santschi, 1913 BU Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Bolton (1975a)
Ponerinae Psalidomyrmex Psalidomyrmexwheeleri Santschi, 1923 BU, HU, IT, NU Bolton (1975a), Bolton and Brown (2002)
Proceratiinae Discothyrea Discothyreadamato Hita-Garcia & Lieberman, 2019 NK Hita Garcia et al. (2019)
Proceratiinae Discothyrea Discothyreamixta Brown, 1958 NK Hita Garcia et al. (2019)
Proceratiinae Discothyrea Discothyreaoculata Emery, 1901 BC, IT, KN Hita Garcia et al. (2019)
Proceratiinae Discothyrea Discothyreawakanda Hita-Garcia & Lieberman, 2019 Endemic NK Hita Garcia et al. (2019)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponeraaethiops Smith, 1877 EQ, HU, IT, KS, MA, NK, SA, SK, SU, TO Stitz (1911), Forel (1913a), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Stitz (1916), Wheeler and Bailey (1920), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Van De Perre et al. (2018), Ward (2022)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponeraanthracina (Santschi, 1910) BC, EQ, IT, KE, KG, KL, KN, KS, MA, MO, NK, TA, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c) , Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1928a), Santschi (1933), Terron (1968), Van De Perre et al. (2018), Ward (2022)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponeracortina Ward, 2022 TO Ward (2022)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponeralatifrons (Emery, 1912) BC, HU, KS, SA Forel (1913c), Wheeler and Bailey (1920), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Ward (2022)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponeramocquerysi (André, 1890) BC, HK, HU, IT, KN, KS, LU, MA, MO, NK, SK, TA, TO Forel (1911b), Forel (1913c), Forel (1916), Santschi (1920a), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1928a), Santschi (1935b), Van De Perre et al. (2018), Ward (2022)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponeranatalensis (Smith, 1858) HK, KS, SK, TA Stitz (1911), Wheeler (1922b), Ward (2022)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponeraophthalmica (Emery, 1912) BC, KS, MO, NK, SK, TO Emery (1912), Forel (1916), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Santschi (1928a), Baroni Urbani (1977), Ward (2006)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponerapumila Ward, 2022 HK, NK Ward (2022)
Pseudomyrmecinae Tetraponera Tetraponeratessmanni (Stitz, 1910) HU, IT, TO Santschi (1919c), Wheeler and Bailey (1920), Wheeler (1922a), Wheeler (1922b), Brown (1950a), Baroni Urbani (1977), Ward (2022)
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Discussion

The current state of knowledge of ant diversity and taxonomy in the DRC is dismaying. Our results show that not only the limited taxonomic work conducted in the region may impair our understanding of ant diversity, as illustrated through the revision of parts of existing collections collected in the first half of 20th century, but, in addition, it shows that the low sampling efforts in modern times (past 50 years) prevent a clear understanding of the diversity encountered within the country. This is highly problematic as new sampling methods have shown for the canopy forest (Basset 2001) or subterranean ants (Wong and Guénard 2017). As an example, the neotropical canopy forest harbours one third of the total ant diversity (Longino et al. 2002, Longino and Colwell 2020).

The economic and political circumstances in the country, along with the absence of local expertise explains most of the deficit of recent projects. As an example, the mountainous regions of Kivu and Ituri are thought to be extremely diverse (Kass et al. 2022), but also represent one of the most dangerous parts of the world.

Despite these facts, the country holds the highest number of recorded species in any country in the Afrotropical Region and our own investigations in the historic available material shows that several dozen species are to be added to the list. Additionally, records by province show that the country is mostly unexplored. The estimated number of species by province in tropical Africa should be between 150 and 300 for a reasonably sampled area and even more in primary rainforest (Weber 1943, Bernard 1953, Hita Garcia et al. 2009, Fotso-Kuate et al. 2015, Gómez, unpublished data). Only five out of 26 DRC provinces reach 100 cited species, but in at least two of these (Haut-Huelé and Ituri), our preliminary data in the Brussels’ collections reveal a much higher ant diversity. Other Provinces, such as Kwilu, Lomami and Tshuapa, do not reach 20 species.

Moreover, most of the current information has been added more than seventy years ago, with 601 species (80% of known diversity) already cited by the year 1952. Recent global taxonomic revisions have added citations new to DRC mainly based on curated material collected in the first half of the 20th century, such as Discothyreawakanda (Hita Garcia et al. 2019), collected in 1963 in the Virunga National Park in North Kivu.

To the best of our knowledge, no modern intensive sampling collections in DRC have been conducted in recent decades. This is a tragic situation taking into account that the DRC area is similar to that of western Europe. The recent paper on geographic distribution of ants in western Europe (Wang et al. 2022) listed 747 species for the region, slightly higher than the DRC, but extensively sampled throughout the last century.

Exotic species may be underestimated in this list due to a lack of sampling. Only four species have been cited, but some usual suspects, such as Tapinomamelanocephalum (Fabricius, 1793), are likely to be present in Congolese cities.

While recent history is discouraging, we can only be optimistic about the long-term future of myrmecology in DRC, as only a glimpse of the real diversity is already astonishing. However, to reach this bright future, some objectives must be fulfilled. The first is to develop local expertise. This should comprise human resources in the universities and national institutes like Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité (CSB, DR Congo) and Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN, DR Congo) to create and transmit this knowledge to the future generations. The second is building up material resources, mainly local reference collections. The challenge is making funds available to carry out sampling (both extensive and intensive) with modern techniques in the different ecosystems present in the country and to curate and preserve these collections locally and grant financial stability to local MSc and PhD students.

Supplementary Material

Supplementary material 1

List of protected areas in DRC

Ambakina H, Gomez K, Guénard B, Monzenga J-C, Economo EP and Dekoninck W

Data type

Table

Brief description

List of protected areas in DRC. Number in parenthesis represents the approximate area in km2. “*” denotes UNESCO wetland of international importance.

File: oo_1088563.docx

bdj-12-e132915-s001.docx (36.5KB, docx)

Acknowledgements

This research and other taxonomic research on Afrotropical ants since 2013 was supported by the Belgian General Directorate for Development and Cooperation (DGD), part of the Global Taxonomy Initiative (GTI) within the framework of Capacities for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (CEBioS). Moreover, we want to thank the team of RBINS researchers working on the CANAHIST project of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO). We also want to acknowledge Peter Hawkes and Francisco Hita Garcia for their usefull suggestions and comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.

Funding program

This study was financially supported by the CANAHIST project of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) and by the Belgian General Directorate for Development and Cooperation (DGD), part of the Global Taxonomy Initiative (GTI) within the framework of Capacities for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (CEBioS).

Ethics and security

No ethical statement is reported.

Author contributions

Conceptualisation: HA, KG, BG, JCM, EPE, WD. Data curation: KG, BG, EPE. Formal analysis: KG, BG, EPE, WD. Funding acquisition: HA, WD, JCM. Investigation: HA, KG, BG, JCM, EPE, WD. Methodology: HA, KG, BG, JCM, EPE, WD. Resources: HA, KG, BG, JCM, EPE, WD. Supervision: KG, JCM, WD. Visualisation: KG, BG, EPE. Project administration: HA, KG, JCM, WD. Validation: HA, KG, BG, JCM, EPE, WD. Writing – original draft: HA, KG, BG, JCM, EPE, WD. Writing – review and editing: HA, KG, BG, JCM, EPE, WD.

Conflicts of interest

No conflict of interest to declare

Disclaimer: This article is (co-)authored by any of the Editors-in-Chief, Managing Editors or their deputies in this journal.

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Associated Data

This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.

Supplementary Materials

Supplementary material 1

List of protected areas in DRC

Ambakina H, Gomez K, Guénard B, Monzenga J-C, Economo EP and Dekoninck W

Data type

Table

Brief description

List of protected areas in DRC. Number in parenthesis represents the approximate area in km2. “*” denotes UNESCO wetland of international importance.

File: oo_1088563.docx

bdj-12-e132915-s001.docx (36.5KB, docx)

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