Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1991 Jul 15;277(Pt 2):327–330. doi: 10.1042/bj2770327

Interleukin 1 induces the expression of a heat-shock gene in chondrocytes.

T F Cruz 1, R A Kandel 1, I R Brown 1
PMCID: PMC1151236  PMID: 1859360

Abstract

The presence of T cells and antibodies reactive with heat-shock proteins (hsps) in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis may indicate a role of hsps in this disease. In the present study we examined whether increased temperature and interleukin 1 (IL 1), both of which are elevated in arthritic joints, induced the expression of two hsp70 genes in bovine chondrocyte cultures. We found that heat shock resulted in increased expression of constitutive and inducible hsp70 mRNA species. IL 1 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also induced an increase in the constitutive hsp70 mRNA species, but without affecting the expression of the inducible hsp70 gene. The increase induced by IL 1 was observed only after 3 h, whereas increases induced by PMA were observed within 1 h. For all treatments, the hsp70 mRNA decreased by 24 h. Heat treatment of chondrocytes did not affect levels of collagenase and caseinase activity in the medium, nor did it alter proteoglycan synthesis by these cells.

Full text

PDF
327

Images in this article

328Fig. 1.
on p.328
329Fig. 2.
on p.329
329Fig. 3.
on p.329
329Fig. 4.
on p.329

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arend W. P., Dayer J. M. Cytokines and cytokine inhibitors or antagonists in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1990 Mar;33(3):305–315. doi: 10.1002/art.1780330302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Arner E. C., Pratta M. A. Independent effects of interleukin-1 on proteoglycan breakdown, proteoglycan synthesis, and prostaglandin E2 release from cartilage in organ culture. Arthritis Rheum. 1989 Mar;32(3):288–297. doi: 10.1002/anr.1780320310. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bahr G. M., Rook G. A., al-Saffar M., Van Embden J., Stanford J. L., Behbehani K. Antibody levels to mycobacteria in relation to HLA type: evidence for non-HLA-linked high levels of antibody to the 65 kD heat shock protein of M. bovis in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1988 Nov;74(2):211–215. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bendtzen K., Petersen J., Halkjaer-Kristensen J., Ingemann-Hansen T. Interleukin-1-like activities in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and traumatic synovitis. Rheumatol Int. 1985;5(2):79–82. doi: 10.1007/BF00270301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brown I. R., Rush S. J. Expression of heat shock genes (hsp70) in the mammalian brain: distinguishing constitutively expressed and hyperthermia-inducible mRNA species. J Neurosci Res. 1990 Jan;25(1):14–19. doi: 10.1002/jnr.490250103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chomczynski P., Sacchi N. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):156–159. doi: 10.1006/abio.1987.9999. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dingle J. T., Page Thomas D. P., King B., Bard D. R. In vivo studies of articular tissue damage mediated by catabolin/interleukin 1. Ann Rheum Dis. 1987 Jul;46(7):527–533. doi: 10.1136/ard.46.7.527. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gowen M., Wood D. D., Ihrie E. J., Meats J. E., Russell R. G. Stimulation by human interleukin 1 of cartilage breakdown and production of collagenase and proteoglycanase by human chondrocytes but not by human osteoblasts in vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1984 Feb 14;797(2):186–193. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(84)90121-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Holoshitz J., Koning F., Coligan J. E., De Bruyn J., Strober S. Isolation of CD4- CD8- mycobacteria-reactive T lymphocyte clones from rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid. Nature. 1989 May 18;339(6221):226–229. doi: 10.1038/339226a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hubbard J. R., Steinberg J. J., Bednar M. S., Sledge C. B. Effect of purified human interleukin-1 on cartilage degradation. J Orthop Res. 1988;6(2):180–187. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100060204. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kandel R. A., Dinarello C. A., Biswas C. The stimulation of collagenase production in rabbit articular chondrocytes by interleukin-1 is increased by collagens. Biochem Int. 1987 Nov;15(5):1021–1031. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kandel R. A., Petelycky M., Dinarello C. A., Minden M., Pritzker K. P., Cruz T. F. Comparison of the effect of interleukin 6 and interleukin 1 on collagenase and proteoglycan production by chondrocytes. J Rheumatol. 1990 Jul;17(7):953–957. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kandel R. A., Pritzker K. P., Mills G. B., Cruz T. F. Fetal bovine serum inhibits chondrocyte collagenase production: interleukin 1 reverses this effect. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 Jul 12;1053(2-3):130–134. doi: 10.1016/0167-4889(90)90004-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lamb J. R., Bal V., Mendez-Samperio P., Mehlert A., So A., Rothbard J., Jindal S., Young R. A., Young D. B. Stress proteins may provide a link between the immune response to infection and autoimmunity. Int Immunol. 1989;1(2):191–196. doi: 10.1093/intimm/1.2.191. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. McCachren S. S., Greer P. K., Niedel J. E. Regulation of human synovial fibroblast collagenase messenger RNA by interleukin-1. Arthritis Rheum. 1989 Dec;32(12):1539–1545. doi: 10.1002/anr.1780321207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Minota S., Koyasu S., Yahara I., Winfield J. Autoantibodies to the heat-shock protein hsp90 in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest. 1988 Jan;81(1):106–109. doi: 10.1172/JCI113280. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Morales T. I., Hascall V. C. Effects of interleukin-1 and lipopolysaccharides on protein and carbohydrate metabolism in bovine articular cartilage organ cultures. Connect Tissue Res. 1989;19(2-4):255–275. doi: 10.3109/03008208909043900. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Nouri A. M., Panayi G. S., Goodman S. M. Cytokines and the chronic inflammation of rheumatic disease. I. The presence of interleukin-1 in synovial fluids. Clin Exp Immunol. 1984 Feb;55(2):295–302. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Pettipher E. R., Higgs G. A., Henderson B. Interleukin 1 induces leukocyte infiltration and cartilage proteoglycan degradation in the synovial joint. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(22):8749–8753. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.22.8749. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Pujol J. P., Loyau G. Interleukin-1 and osteoarthritis. Life Sci. 1987 Sep 7;41(10):1187–1198. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(87)90196-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Res P. C., Schaar C. G., Breedveld F. C., van Eden W., van Embden J. D., Cohen I. R., de Vries R. R. Synovial fluid T cell reactivity against 65 kD heat shock protein of mycobacteria in early chronic arthritis. Lancet. 1988 Aug 27;2(8609):478–480. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)90123-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Shinnick T. M., Vodkin M. H., Williams J. C. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis 65-kilodalton antigen is a heat shock protein which corresponds to common antigen and to the Escherichia coli GroEL protein. Infect Immun. 1988 Feb;56(2):446–451. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.2.446-451.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sprang G. K., Brown I. R. Selective induction of a heat shock gene in fibre tracts and cerebellar neurons of the rabbit brain detected by in situ hybridization. Brain Res. 1987 Dec;427(1):89–93. doi: 10.1016/0169-328x(87)90049-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Staite N. D., Richard K. A., Aspar D. G., Franz K. A., Galinet L. A., Dunn C. J. Induction of an acute erosive monarticular arthritis in mice by interleukin-1 and methylated bovine serum albumin. Arthritis Rheum. 1990 Feb;33(2):253–260. doi: 10.1002/art.1780330215. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Tsoulfa G., Rook G. A., Van-Embden J. D., Young D. B., Mehlert A., Isenberg D. A., Hay F. C., Lydyard P. M. Raised serum IgG and IgA antibodies to mycobacterial antigens in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1989 Feb;48(2):118–123. doi: 10.1136/ard.48.2.118. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Vance B. A., Kowalski C. G., Brinckerhoff C. E. Heat shock of rabbit synovial fibroblasts increases expression of mRNAs for two metalloproteinases, collagenase and stromelysin. J Cell Biol. 1989 Jun;108(6):2037–2043. doi: 10.1083/jcb.108.6.2037. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Watowich S. S., Morimoto R. I. Complex regulation of heat shock- and glucose-responsive genes in human cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jan;8(1):393–405. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.1.393. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Winfield J. B. Stress proteins, arthritis, and autoimmunity. Arthritis Rheum. 1989 Dec;32(12):1497–1504. doi: 10.1002/anr.1780321202. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Wood D. D., Ihrie E. J., Dinarello C. A., Cohen P. L. Isolation of an interleukin-1-like factor from human joint effusions. Arthritis Rheum. 1983 Aug;26(8):975–983. doi: 10.1002/art.1780260806. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Wu B., Hunt C., Morimoto R. Structure and expression of the human gene encoding major heat shock protein HSP70. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Feb;5(2):330–341. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.2.330. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Young D., Lathigra R., Hendrix R., Sweetser D., Young R. A. Stress proteins are immune targets in leprosy and tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(12):4267–4270. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.12.4267. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Young R. A., Elliott T. J. Stress proteins, infection, and immune surveillance. Cell. 1989 Oct 6;59(1):5–8. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90861-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Young R. A. Stress proteins and immunology. Annu Rev Immunol. 1990;8:401–420. doi: 10.1146/annurev.iy.08.040190.002153. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES