Summary
What is this summary about?
This summary describes the results from the TALAPRO-2 research study (also known as a clinical trial). The TALAPRO-2 study tested the combination of two medicines called talazoparib plus enzalutamide. This combination of medicines was used as the first treatment for adult patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The combination of talazoparib plus enzalutamide was compared with a placebo plus enzalutamide.
What is metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer?
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the prostate and has spread to other parts of the body. Castration-resistant means that the cancer continues to grow even when testosterone levels in the blood are reduced to very low levels. Taking medicines to lower testosterone levels in the blood is a standard treatment for men with advanced prostate cancer.
What are the aims of the TALAPRO-2 trial?
TALAPRO-2 looked at if combining talazoparib plus enzalutamide would increase the length of time patients lived before their cancer got worse or they died compared with a placebo plus enzalutamide. Researchers looked at how treatment affected the size and number of tumors and the length of time before patients needed to change to a new cancer medicine. Researchers also looked at any side effects patients had during the study.
What are the key takeaways?
A total of 805 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer took part in the study. Compared with patients who took a placebo plus enzalutamide, the group of patients who took talazoparib plus enzalutamide had a 37% reduced risk of their cancer getting worse or dying. Some patients had tumors that at the start of the study could be measured with scans. Sixty-two percent of patients who took talazoparib plus enzalutamide had their tumors decrease or shrink to the point that they could no longer be seen on scans versus 44% of patients who took a placebo plus enzalutamide. Patients who took talazoparib plus enzalutamide were more likely to have a longer time before they needed to change to a new cancer medicine. The most common side effects of talazoparib plus enzalutamide were low levels of red blood cells (66% of patients) and neutrophils (36% of patients), and excessive tiredness or exhaustion (34% of patients).
Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03395197 (TALAPRO-2) (ClinicalTrials.gov)
Keywords: : Clinical trials, Genetics, Metastasis, Novel therapy, Urologic/Prostate
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Acknowledgments
Pfizer and the authors would like to thank all the patients who are participating in this study and their families, as well as the treating physicians, research nurses, study coordinators, and operations staff.
Writing disclosure
Writing support for this summary was provided by Emily Messina, PhD, of CMC Affinity, a division of IPG Health Medical Communications, and was funded by Pfizer.
Financial disclosure
The TALAPRO-2 trial is sponsored by Pfizer Inc. Astellas Pharma Inc. is providing enzalutamide. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.
Competing interests disclosure
Full author disclosure information can be found in the original article. The authors have no other competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization or entity with the subject matter or materials discussed in the plain language summary apart from those disclosed in the original published article.