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. 1988 Dec;8(4):411–429. doi: 10.1007/BF00711226

Further studies of the effects of somatostatin and related peptides in area CA1 of rabbit hippocampus

H E Scharfman 1, P A Schwartzkroin 1,2
PMCID: PMC11567331  PMID: 2906277

Abstract

  1. In slice studies of mature and immature CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells from rabbit, somatostatin 14 (SS14), the related peptide somatostatin 28(1–12) [SS(1–12)], and the synthetic analogue of somatostatin 14, SMS-201995 (SMS), had similar effects. When pressure-ejected onto cell somata, these peptides elicited depolarizations, often accompanied by action potential discharge. When applied to dendrites, the peptides produced depolarizations or hyperpolarizations.

  2. When a large amount of one of the three somatostatin-related (SS) peptides was applied to the slice at some distance from the impaled cell, hyperpolarizations were observed that were not always blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX) or low Ca2+. Since SS peptides were also found to depolarize interneurons in area CA1, it seems likely that the hyperpolarizations that were blocked by TTX or low Ca2+ were mediated via excitation of interneurons that in turn hyperpolarized pyramidal cells.

  3. All SS peptides also had long-lasting effects on CA1 pyramidal cells that led to spontaneous firing of action potentials and an increase in the number of action potentials discharged in response to a given depolarizing current pulse; the spontaneous discharge effect was blocked by TTX or low Ca2+ plus Mn2+ and, thus, appeared to have a presynaptic mechanism. However, the increase in discharge in response to a constant depolarizing current pulse was not dependent on intact synaptic transmission and, therefore, was attributable to a direct postsynaptic effect of the SS peptides.

Key words: somatostatin 14, somatostatin 28(1–12), hippocampal slices, pressure ejection, pyramidal cell, interneuron

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