Abstract
1. A glucocerebroside beta-glucosidase-rich detergent-free preparation was obtained from human placentas by a rapid method combining affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose and organic-solvent precipitation. In a typical preparation about 11000 units of the enzyme purified 1500-fold were obtained from five placentas in 2 days. 2. The enzyme preparation also contained other hydrolases, but the extent of their purification was much smaller. 3. Studies on entrapment in liposomes showed that all glucocerebroside beta-glucosidase activity used could be incorporated in neutral egg phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol liposomes. Association with liposomes appeared to discriminate against other proteins, including some of the hydrolases, thus contributing to further purification of the enzyme. More than 95% of the liposome-associated enzyme activity was latent.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Andrews P. The gel-filtration behaviour of proteins related to their molecular weights over a wide range. Biochem J. 1965 Sep;96(3):595–606. doi: 10.1042/bj0960595. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BRADY R. O., KANFER J., SHAPIRO D. THE METABOLISM OF GLUCOCEREBROSIDES. I. PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF A GLUCOCEREBROSIDE-CLEAVING ENZYME FROM SPLEEN TISSUE. J Biol Chem. 1965 Jan;240:39–43. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bishop D. H. Ribonucleic acid synthesis by Escherichia coli C3000/L after infection by the ribonucleic acid coliphage ZIK/1, and properties of coliphage-ZIK/1 ribonucleic acid. Biochem J. 1965 Oct;97(1):17–26. doi: 10.1042/bj0970017. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brady R. O., Pentchev P. G., Gal A. E., Hibbert S. R., Dekaban A. S. Replacement therapy for inherited enzyme deficiency. Use of purified glucocerebrosidase in Gaucher's disease. N Engl J Med. 1974 Nov 7;291(19):989–993. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197411072911901. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Braidman I., Gregoriadis G. Preparation of glucocerebroside beta-glucosidase for entrapment in liposomes and treatment of patients with adult Gaucher's disease. Biochem Soc Trans. 1976;4(2):259–261. doi: 10.1042/bst0040259. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DAVIS B. J. DISC ELECTROPHORESIS. II. METHOD AND APPLICATION TO HUMAN SERUM PROTEINS. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1964 Dec 28;121:404–427. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb14213.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregoriadis G., Buckland R. A. Enzyme-containing liposomes alleviate a model for storage disease. Nature. 1973 Jul 20;244(5412):170–172. doi: 10.1038/244170a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregoriadis G. Enzyme entrapment in liposomes. Methods Enzymol. 1976;44:218–227. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(76)44019-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregoriadis G., Neerunjun D. E. Control of the rate of hepatic uptake and catabolism of liposome-entrapped proteins injected into rats. Possible therapeutic applications. Eur J Biochem. 1974 Aug 15;47(1):179–185. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03681.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregoriadis G., Neerunjun E. D. Homing of liposomes to target cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Jul 22;65(2):537–544. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(75)80180-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregoriadis G., Putman D., Louis L., Neerunjun D. Comparative effect and fate of non-entrapped and liposome-entrapped neuraminidase injected into rats. Biochem J. 1974 May;140(2):323–330. doi: 10.1042/bj1400323. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregoriadis G., Ryman B. E. Fate of protein-containing liposomes injected into rats. An approach to the treatment of storage diseases. Eur J Biochem. 1972 Jan 21;24(3):485–491. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb19710.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregoriadis G. The carrier potential of liposomes in biology and medicine (first of two parts). N Engl J Med. 1976 Sep 23;295(13):704–710. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197609232951305. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregoriadis G. The carrier potential of liposomes in biology and medicine (second of two parts). N Engl J Med. 1976 Sep 30;295(14):765–770. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197609302951406. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ho M. W. Identity of 'acid' beta-glucosidase and glucocerebrosidase in human spleen. Biochem J. 1973 Nov;136(3):721–729. doi: 10.1042/bj1360721. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ho M. W., O'Brien J. S., Radin N. S., Erickson J. S. Glucocerebrosidase: reconstitution of activity from macromolecular components. Biochem J. 1973 Jan;131(1):173–176. doi: 10.1042/bj1310173. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Juliano R. L., Stamp D. Lectin-mediated attachment of glycoprotein-bearing liposomes to cells. Nature. 1976 May 20;261(5557):235–238. doi: 10.1038/261235a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KOPACZYK K. C., RADIN N. S. IN VIVO CONVERSIONS OF CEREBROSIDE AND CERAMIDE IN RAT BRAIN. J Lipid Res. 1965 Jan;6:140–145. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Neerunjun E. D., Gregoriadis G. Tumour regression with liposome-entrapped asparaginase: some immunological advantages. Biochem Soc Trans. 1976;4(1):133–134. doi: 10.1042/bst0040133. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pentchev P. G., Brady R. O., Hibbert S. R., Gal A. E., Shapiro D. Isolation and characterization of glucocerebrosidase from human placental tissue. J Biol Chem. 1973 Aug 10;248(15):5256–5261. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rahman Y. E., Wright B. J. Liposomes containing chelating agents. Cellular penetration and a possible mechanism of metal removal. J Cell Biol. 1975 Apr;65(1):112–122. doi: 10.1083/jcb.65.1.112. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Robinson D., Jordan T. W., Horsburgh T. The N-acetyl- -D-hexosaminidases of calf and human brain. J Neurochem. 1972 Aug;19(8):1975–1985. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1972.tb01487.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Segal A. W., Wills E. J., Richmond J. E., Slavin G., Black C. D., Gregoriadis G. Morphological observations on the cellular and subcellular destination of intravenously administered liposomes. Br J Exp Pathol. 1974 Aug;55(4):320–327. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weissmann G., Bloomgarden D., Kaplan R., Cohen C., Hoffstein S., Collins T., Gotlieb A., Nagle D. A general method for the introduction of enzymes, by means of immunoglobulin-coated liposomes, into lysosomes of deficient cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Jan;72(1):88–92. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.1.88. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]