Skip to main content
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1974 Jun;139(3):593–602. doi: 10.1042/bj1390593

Adrenocorticotrophic and melanocyte-stimulating peptides in the human pituitary

Alexander P Scott 1, Philip J Lowry 1,*
PMCID: PMC1166323  PMID: 4368382

Abstract

The adrenocorticotrophic and melanocyte-stimulating peptides of the human pituitary were investigated by means of radioimmunoassay, bioassay and physicochemical procedures. Substantial amounts of adrenocorticotrophin and a peptide resembling β-lipotrophin were identified in pituitary extracts, but α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and corticotrophin-like intermediate lobe peptide, which have been identified in the pars intermedia of pituitaries from other vertebrates, were not found. The absence of β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone appears to contradict previous chemical and radioimmunological studies. Our results suggest, however, that it is not a natural pituitary peptide but an artefact formed by enzymic degradation of β-lipotrophin during extraction.

Full text

PDF
593

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abe K., Island D. P., Liddle G. W., Fleisher N., Nicholson W. E. Radioimmunologic evidence for alpha-MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) in human pituitary and tumor tissues. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1967 Jan;27(1):46–52. doi: 10.1210/jcem-27-1-46. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Abe K., Nicholson W. E., Liddle G. W., Island D. P., Orth D. N. Radioimmunoassay of beta-MSH in human plasma and tissues. J Clin Invest. 1967 Oct;46(10):1609–1616. doi: 10.1172/JCI105653. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Abe K., Nicholson W. E., Liddle G. W., Orth D. N., Island D. P. Normal and abnormal regulation of beta-msh in man. J Clin Invest. 1969 Aug;48(8):1580–1585. doi: 10.1172/JCI106123. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bennett H. P., Elliott D. F., Evans B. E., Lowry P. J., McMartin C. Complete amino acid analysis of peptides and proteins after hydrolysis by a mixture of sepharose-bound peptidases. Biochem J. 1972 Sep;129(3):695–701. doi: 10.1042/bj1290695. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bennett H. P., Lowry P. J., McMartin C. Confirmation of the 1-20 amino acid sequence of human adrenocorticotrophin. Biochem J. 1973 May;133(1):11–13. doi: 10.1042/bj1330011. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chadwick A., Lowry P. J. In vitro assay of MSH using skin from the frog Hyla arborea. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1970 Dec;15(3):493–495. doi: 10.1016/0016-6480(70)90124-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chrétien M., Gilardeau C. Les lipotropines (LPH) hypophysaires. Union Med Can. 1973 Apr;102(4):890–898. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cseh G., Barát E., Patthy A., Gráf L. Studies on the primary structure of human beta-lipotropic hormone. FEBS Lett. 1972 Apr 1;21(3):344–346. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(72)80198-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. DIXON H. B. Chromatographic isolations of pig and human melanocyte-stimulating hormones. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1960 Jan 1;37:38–42. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)90075-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Geschwind I. I. Molecular variation and possible lines of evolution of peptide and protein hormones. Am Zool. 1967 Feb;7(1):89–108. doi: 10.1093/icb/7.1.89. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. HARRIS I. The chemistry of pituitary polypeptide hormones. Br Med Bull. 1960 Sep;16:189–195. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a069833. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. ISLAND D. P., SHIMIZU N., NICHOLSON W. E., ABE K., OGATA E., LIDDLE G. W. A METHOD FOR SEPARATING SMALL QUANTITIES OF MSH AND ACTH WITH GOOD RECOVERY OF EACH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1965 Jul;25:975–983. doi: 10.1210/jcem-25-7-975. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. LEE T. H., LERNER A. B., BUETTNER-JANUSCH V. On the structure of human corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone). J Biol Chem. 1961 Nov;236:2970–2974. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. LEE T. H., LERNER A. B., BUETTNER-JANUSCH V. The isolation and structure of alpha- and beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormones from monkey pituitary glands. J Biol Chem. 1961 May;236:1390–1394. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Li C. H., Barnafi L., Chrétien M., Chung D. Isolation and amino-acid sequence of beta-LPH from sheep pituitary glands. Nature. 1965 Dec 11;208(5015):1093–1094. doi: 10.1038/2081093b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lowry P. J., Chadwick A. Interrelations of some pituitary hormones. Nature. 1970 Apr 18;226(5242):219–222. doi: 10.1038/226219a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lowry P. J., McMartin C., Peters J. Properties of a simplified bioassay for adrenocorticotrophic activity using the steroidogenic response of isolated adrenal cells. J Endocrinol. 1973 Oct;59(1):43–55. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.0590043. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Orth D. N., Nicholson W. E., Mitchell W. M., Island D. P., Liddle G. W. Biologic and immunologic characterization and physical separation of ACTH and ACTH fragments in the ectopic ACTH syndrome. J Clin Invest. 1973 Jul;52(7):1756–1769. doi: 10.1172/JCI107357. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. PICKERING B. T., LI C. H. Some aspects of the relationship between chemical structure and melanocyte-stimulating properties of several peptides related to adrenocorticotropin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1962 Aug 27;62:475–482. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90227-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Ratcliffe J. G., Knight R. A., Besser G. M., Landon J., Stansfeld A. G. Tumor and plasma ACTH concentrations in patients with and without the ectopic ACTH syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1972 Jan;1(1):27–44. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00375.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rees L. H., Cook D. M., Kendall J. W., Allen C. F., Kramer R. M., Ratcliffe J. G., Knight R. A. A radioimmunoassay for rat plasma ACTH. Endocrinology. 1971 Jul;89(1):254–261. doi: 10.1210/endo-89-1-254. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Riniker B., Sieber P., Rittel W., Zuber H. Revised amino-acid sequences for porcine and human adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Nat New Biol. 1972 Jan 26;235(56):114–115. doi: 10.1038/newbio235114b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Scott A. P., Ratcliffe J. G., Rees L. H., Landon J., Bennett H. P., Lowry P. J., McMartin C. Pituitary peptide. Nat New Biol. 1973 Jul 18;244(133):65–67. doi: 10.1038/newbio244065a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Seelig S., Sayers G., Schwyzer R., Schiller P. Isolated adrenal cells: ACTH(11-24), a competitive antagonist of ACTH(1-39) and ACTH(1-10). FEBS Lett. 1971 Dec 15;19(3):232–234. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(71)80521-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES