Abstract
Nup145p is an essential yeast nucleoporin involved in nuclear export of polyadenylated RNAs. We demonstrate here that Nup145p is cleaved in vivo to yield two functionally distinct domains: a carboxy-terminal domain (C-Nup145p) which is located at the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and assembles into the Nup84p complex, and a GLFG-containing amino-terminal domain (N-Nup145p) which is not part of this complex. Whereas the essential C-Nup145p accomplishes the functions required for efficient mRNA export and normal NPC distribution, N-Nup145p, which is homologous to the GLFG-containing nucleoporins Nup100p and Nup116p, is not necessary for cell growth. However, the N-Nup145p becomes essential in a nup188 mutant background. Strikingly, generation of a free N-domain is a prerequisite for complementation of this peculiar synthetic lethal mutant. These data suggest that N- and C-domains of Nup145p perform independent functions, and that the in vivo cleavage observed is of functional importance.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (603.5 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aitchison J. D., Blobel G., Rout M. P. Nup120p: a yeast nucleoporin required for NPC distribution and mRNA transport. J Cell Biol. 1995 Dec;131(6 Pt 2):1659–1675. doi: 10.1083/jcb.131.6.1659. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Aitchison J. D., Rout M. P., Marelli M., Blobel G., Wozniak R. W. Two novel related yeast nucleoporins Nup170p and Nup157p: complementation with the vertebrate homologue Nup155p and functional interactions with the yeast nuclear pore-membrane protein Pom152p. J Cell Biol. 1995 Dec;131(5):1133–1148. doi: 10.1083/jcb.131.5.1133. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Amberg D. C., Goldstein A. L., Cole C. N. Isolation and characterization of RAT1: an essential gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae required for the efficient nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of mRNA. Genes Dev. 1992 Jul;6(7):1173–1189. doi: 10.1101/gad.6.7.1173. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Belanger K. D., Kenna M. A., Wei S., Davis L. I. Genetic and physical interactions between Srp1p and nuclear pore complex proteins Nup1p and Nup2p. J Cell Biol. 1994 Aug;126(3):619–630. doi: 10.1083/jcb.126.3.619. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Belgareh N., Doye V. Dynamics of nuclear pore distribution in nucleoporin mutant yeast cells. J Cell Biol. 1997 Feb 24;136(4):747–759. doi: 10.1083/jcb.136.4.747. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bogerd H. P., Fridell R. A., Madore S., Cullen B. R. Identification of a novel cellular cofactor for the Rev/Rex class of retroviral regulatory proteins. Cell. 1995 Aug 11;82(3):485–494. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90437-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chen D. C., Yang B. C., Kuo T. T. One-step transformation of yeast in stationary phase. Curr Genet. 1992 Jan;21(1):83–84. doi: 10.1007/BF00318659. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Craig E. A., Gambill B. D., Nelson R. J. Heat shock proteins: molecular chaperones of protein biogenesis. Microbiol Rev. 1993 Jun;57(2):402–414. doi: 10.1128/mr.57.2.402-414.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dingwall C., Kandels-Lewis S., Séraphin B. A family of Ran binding proteins that includes nucleoporins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Aug 1;92(16):7525–7529. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.16.7525. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dockendorff T. C., Heath C. V., Goldstein A. L., Snay C. A., Cole C. N. C-terminal truncations of the yeast nucleoporin Nup145p produce a rapid temperature-conditional mRNA export defect and alterations to nuclear structure. Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Feb;17(2):906–920. doi: 10.1128/mcb.17.2.906. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doye V., Wepf R., Hurt E. C. A novel nuclear pore protein Nup133p with distinct roles in poly(A)+ RNA transport and nuclear pore distribution. EMBO J. 1994 Dec 15;13(24):6062–6075. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06953.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dreyfuss G., Matunis M. J., Piñol-Roma S., Burd C. G. hnRNP proteins and the biogenesis of mRNA. Annu Rev Biochem. 1993;62:289–321. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.62.070193.001445. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Elledge S. J., Davis R. W. A family of versatile centromeric vectors designed for use in the sectoring-shuffle mutagenesis assay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene. 1988 Oct 30;70(2):303–312. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90202-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Emtage J. L., Bucci M., Watkins J. L., Wente S. R. Defining the essential functional regions of the nucleoporin Nup145p. J Cell Sci. 1997 Apr;110(Pt 7):911–925. doi: 10.1242/jcs.110.7.911. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gerace L. Nuclear export signals and the fast track to the cytoplasm. Cell. 1995 Aug 11;82(3):341–344. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90420-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Grandi P., Schlaich N., Tekotte H., Hurt E. C. Functional interaction of Nic96p with a core nucleoporin complex consisting of Nsp1p, Nup49p and a novel protein Nup57p. EMBO J. 1995 Jan 3;14(1):76–87. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb06977.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Görlich D., Mattaj I. W. Nucleocytoplasmic transport. Science. 1996 Mar 15;271(5255):1513–1518. doi: 10.1126/science.271.5255.1513. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Iovine M. K., Watkins J. L., Wente S. R. The GLFG repetitive region of the nucleoporin Nup116p interacts with Kap95p, an essential yeast nuclear import factor. J Cell Biol. 1995 Dec;131(6 Pt 2):1699–1713. doi: 10.1083/jcb.131.6.1699. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kraemer D. M., Strambio-de-Castillia C., Blobel G., Rout M. P. The essential yeast nucleoporin NUP159 is located on the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex and serves in karyopherin-mediated binding of transport substrate. J Biol Chem. 1995 Aug 11;270(32):19017–19021. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.32.19017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Little J. W. LexA cleavage and other self-processing reactions. J Bacteriol. 1993 Aug;175(16):4943–4950. doi: 10.1128/jb.175.16.4943-4950.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Meilhoc E., Masson J. M., Teissié J. High efficiency transformation of intact yeast cells by electric field pulses. Biotechnology (N Y) 1990 Mar;8(3):223–227. doi: 10.1038/nbt0390-223. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nehrbass U., Kern H., Mutvei A., Horstmann H., Marshallsay B., Hurt E. C. NSP1: a yeast nuclear envelope protein localized at the nuclear pores exerts its essential function by its carboxy-terminal domain. Cell. 1990 Jun 15;61(6):979–989. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90063-k. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nehrbass U., Rout M. P., Maguire S., Blobel G., Wozniak R. W. The yeast nucleoporin Nup188p interacts genetically and physically with the core structures of the nuclear pore complex. J Cell Biol. 1996 Jun;133(6):1153–1162. doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.6.1153. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Resnick N., Zasloff M. A. Novel proteases with unusual specificities. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;4(6):1032–1036. doi: 10.1016/0955-0674(92)90136-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rexach M., Blobel G. Protein import into nuclei: association and dissociation reactions involving transport substrate, transport factors, and nucleoporins. Cell. 1995 Dec 1;83(5):683–692. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90181-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wente S. R., Blobel G. A temperature-sensitive NUP116 null mutant forms a nuclear envelope seal over the yeast nuclear pore complex thereby blocking nucleocytoplasmic traffic. J Cell Biol. 1993 Oct;123(2):275–284. doi: 10.1083/jcb.123.2.275. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wente S. R., Blobel G. NUP145 encodes a novel yeast glycine-leucine-phenylalanine-glycine (GLFG) nucleoporin required for nuclear envelope structure. J Cell Biol. 1994 Jun;125(5):955–969. doi: 10.1083/jcb.125.5.955. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wilm M., Shevchenko A., Houthaeve T., Breit S., Schweigerer L., Fotsis T., Mann M. Femtomole sequencing of proteins from polyacrylamide gels by nano-electrospray mass spectrometry. Nature. 1996 Feb 1;379(6564):466–469. doi: 10.1038/379466a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wimmer C., Doye V., Grandi P., Nehrbass U., Hurt E. C. A new subclass of nucleoporins that functionally interact with nuclear pore protein NSP1. EMBO J. 1992 Dec;11(13):5051–5061. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05612.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zabel U., Doye V., Tekotte H., Wepf R., Grandi P., Hurt E. C. Nic96p is required for nuclear pore formation and functionally interacts with a novel nucleoporin, Nup188p. J Cell Biol. 1996 Jun;133(6):1141–1152. doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.6.1141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]