Abstract
1. A radiochemical assay for glutamine synthetase has been developed in which an ATP-regenerating system is incorporated to prevent accumulation of inhibitory amounts of ADP. It is particularly suitable for assay of the enzyme in crude tissue extracts containing high adenosine triphosphatase activity. 2. A survey of the distribution of the enzyme in tissues from normal male rats showed that activity is present in liver, brain cortex, kidney cortex, spleen, testis and retina. 3. The Km of the enzyme for l-glutamate is approx. 1.5×10−2m.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- BENZINGER T., KITZINGER C., HEMS R., BURTON K. Free-energy changes of the glutaminase reaction and the hydrolysis of the terminal pyrophosphate bond of adenosine triphosphate. Biochem J. 1959 Feb;71(2):400–407. doi: 10.1042/bj0710400. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BERL S., TAKAGAKI G., CLARKE D. D., WAELSCH H. Carbon dioxide fixation in the brain. J Biol Chem. 1962 Aug;237:2570–2573. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bujard E., Mauron J. A two-dimensional separation of acid, neutral and basic amino acids by thin layer chromatography on cellulose. J Chromatogr. 1966 Jan;21(1):19–26. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)91255-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DU RUISSEAU J. P., GREENSTEIN J. P., WINITZ M., BIRNBAUM S. M. Studies on the metabolism of amino acids and related compounds in vivo. VI. Free amino acid levels in the tissues of rats protected against ammonia toxicity. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1957 May;68(1):161–171. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(57)90337-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ELLIOTT W. H. Isolation of glutamine synthetase and glutamotransferase from green peas. J Biol Chem. 1953 Apr;201(2):661–672. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ELLIOTT W. H. Studies on the enzymic synthesis of glutamine. Biochem J. 1951 Jun;49(1):106–112. doi: 10.1042/bj0490106. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FRY B. A. Glutamine synthesis by Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus. Biochem J. 1955 Apr;59(4):579–589. doi: 10.1042/bj0590579. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krebs H. A. Metabolism of amino-acids: The synthesis of glutamine from glutamic acid and ammonia, and the enzymic hydrolysis of glutamine in animal tissues. Biochem J. 1935 Aug;29(8):1951–1969. doi: 10.1042/bj0291951. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LEVINTOW L., MEISTER A. Reversibility of the enzymatic synthesis of glutamine. J Biol Chem. 1954 Jul;209(1):265–280. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lund P., Goldstein L. Glutamine synthetase activity in tissues of lower vertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol. 1969 Oct 15;31(2):205–210. doi: 10.1016/0010-406x(69)91648-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- PAMILJANS V., KRISHNASWAMY P. R., DUMVILLE G., MEISTER A. Studies on the mechanism of glutamine synthesis; isolation and properties of the enzyme from sheep brain. Biochemistry. 1962 Jan;1:153–158. doi: 10.1021/bi00907a023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- RICHTERICH-VAN BAERLE R., GOLDSTEIN L., DEARBORN E. H. Kidney glutaminases. III. Glutamine synthesis in the guinea pig kidney. Enzymologia. 1957 Jul 31;18(5):327–336. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WU C. GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE. II. THE INTRACELLULAR LOCALIZATION IN THE RAT LIVER. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1963 Nov 8;77:482–493. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)90524-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]