Skip to main content
PMC home page
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1978 Mar 15;170(3):583–591. doi: 10.1042/bj1700583

Effect of L-alanine infusion on gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in the rat in vivo.

P T Ozand, W D Reed, R L Hawkins, J H Stevenson, J T Tildon, M Cornblath
PMCID: PMC1183935  PMID: 646801

Abstract

1. In 48 h-starved 6-week-old rats the 14C incorporation in vivo into blood glucose from a constant-specific-radioactivity pool of circulating [14c]actateconfirmed that lactate is the preferred gluconeogenic substrate. 2. Increasing the blood [alanine] to that occurrring in the fed state increased 14C incorporation into blood glucose 2.3-fold from [14c]alanine and 1.7-fold from [14c]lactate. 3. When the blood [alanine] was increased to that in the fed state, the 14C incorporation into liver glycogen from circulating [14c]alanine or [14c]lactate increased 13.5- and 1.7-fold respectively. 4. The incorporation of 14C into blood acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate from a constant-specific-radioactivity pool of circulating [14c]oleate was virtually abolished by increasing the blood [alanine] to that existing in the fed state. However, the [acetoacetate] remained unchanged, whereas [3-hydroxybutyrate] decreased, although less rapidly than did its radiochemical concentration. 5. It is concluded that during starvation in 6-week-old rats, the blood [alanine] appears to influence ketogenesis for circulating unesterfied fatty acids and inversely affects gluconeogenesis from either lactate or alanine. A different pattern of gluconeogenesis may exist for alanine and lactate as evidenced by comparative 14C incorporation into liver glycogen and blood glucose.

Full text

PDF

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Blackshear P. J., Holloway P. A., Alberti K. G. Factors regulating amino acid release from extrasplanchnic tissues in the rat. Interactions of alanine and glutamine. Biochem J. 1975 Sep;150(3):379–387. doi: 10.1042/bj1500379. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chen R. F. Removal of fatty acids from serum albumin by charcoal treatment. J Biol Chem. 1967 Jan 25;242(2):173–181. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chiasson J. L., Liljenquist J. E., Lacy W. W., Jennings A. S., Cherrington A. D. Gluconeogenesis: methodological approaches in vivo. Fed Proc. 1977 Feb;36(2):229–235. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Exton J. H. Gluconeogenesis. Metabolism. 1972 Oct;21(10):945–990. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(72)90028-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Felig P. Amino acid metabolism in man. Annu Rev Biochem. 1975;44:933–955. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.44.070175.004441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Freminet A., Poyart C., Leclerc L., Gentil M. Effect of fasting on the Cori cycle in rats. FEBS Lett. 1976 Jul 15;66(2):328–331. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(76)80532-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Friedrichs D., Schoner W. Regulation of gluconeogenesis by alanine. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1974 Apr 22;343(2):341–355. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(74)90098-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Garber A. J., Karl I. E., Kipnis D. M. Alanine and glutamine synthesis and release from skeletal muscle. I. Glycolysis and amino acid release. J Biol Chem. 1976 Feb 10;251(3):826–835. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Genuth S. M., Castro J. Effect of oral alanine on blood beta-hydroxybutyrate and plasma glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, and growth hormone in normal and diabetic subjects. Metabolism. 1974 Apr;23(4):375–386. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(74)90056-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lauwerys R. R. Colorimetric determination of free fatty acids. Anal Biochem. 1969 Nov;32(2):331–333. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(69)90093-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lopes-Cardozo M., van den Bergh S. G. Ketogenesis in isolated rat liver mitochondria. I. Relationships with the citric acid cycle and with the mitochondrial energy state. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972;283(1):1–15. doi: 10.1016/0005-2728(72)90092-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Mapes J. P., Harris R. A. Inhibition of gluconeogenesis and lactate formation from pyruvate by N6, O2'-dibutyryl adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. J Biol Chem. 1976 Oct 25;251(20):6189–6196. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McGarry J. D., Foster D. W. Ketogenesis and cholesterol synthesis in normal and neoplastic tissues of the rat. J Biol Chem. 1969 Aug 10;244(15):4251–4256. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ozand P. T., Hawkins R. L., Collins R. M., Jr, Tildon J. T., Cornblath M. A micro-autoanalytic procedure developed for the determination of ketone bodies, gluconeogenic amino acids, pyruvate, lactate, and glucose in metabolic studies. Biochem Med. 1975 Oct;14(2):170–183. doi: 10.1016/0006-2944(75)90034-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ozand P. T., Reed W. D., Girard J., Hawkins R. L., Collins R. M., Jr, Tildon J. T., Cornblath M. Hypoketonaemic effect of L-alamine. Specific decrease in blood concentrations of 3-hydroxybutyrate in the rat. Biochem J. 1977 Jun 15;164(3):557–564. doi: 10.1042/bj1640557. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Roobol A., Alleyne G. A. Regulation of renal gluconeogenesis by calcium ions, hormones and adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate. Biochem J. 1973 May;134(1):157–165. doi: 10.1042/bj1340157. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Ross B. D., Hems R., Krebs H. A. The rate of gluconeogenesis from various precursors in the perfused rat liver. Biochem J. 1967 Mar;102(3):942–951. doi: 10.1042/bj1020942. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Vernon R. G., Walker D. G. Gluconeogenesis from lactate in the developing rat. Studies in vivo. Biochem J. 1972 Apr;127(3):531–537. doi: 10.1042/bj1270531. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. WHITE C. Some examples of the use of the t-test on physiological data. Med J Aust. 1951 Dec 15;2(24):797–804. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Windmueller H. G., Spaeth A. E. Uptake and metabolism of plasma glutamine by the small intestine. J Biol Chem. 1974 Aug 25;249(16):5070–5079. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES