Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1979 Mar 15;178(3):725–731. doi: 10.1042/bj1780725

Effect of hypophysectomy on the rates of protein synthesis and degradation in rat liver.

R D Conde
PMCID: PMC1186573  PMID: 454378

Abstract

The effect of hypophysectomy on the protein metabolism of the liver in vivo was studied. Fractional rates of protein synthesis and degradation were determined in the livers of normal and hypophysectomized rats. Synthesis was measured after the injection of massive amounts of radioactive leucine. Degradation was estimated either as the balance between synthesis and accumulation of stable liver proteins or from the disappearance of radioactivity from the proteins previously labelled by the injection of NaH14CO3. The results indicate that: (1) hypophysectomy diminishes the capacity of the liver to synthesize proteins in vivo, mainly of those that are exported as plasma proteins; (2) livers of both normal and hypophysectomized rats show identical protein-degradation rates, whereas plasma proteins are degraded slowly after hypophysectomy.

Full text

PDF
725

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arias I. M., Doyle D., Schimke R. T. Studies on the synthesis and degradation of proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum of rat liver. J Biol Chem. 1969 Jun 25;244(12):3303–3315. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Clemens M. J., Korner A. Amino acid requirement for the growth-hormone stimulation of incorporation of precursors into protein and nucleic acids of liver slices. Biochem J. 1970 Oct;119(4):629–634. doi: 10.1042/bj1190629. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Conde R. D., Scornik O. A. Faster synthesis and slower degradation of liver protein during developmental growth. Biochem J. 1977 Jul 15;166(1):115–121. doi: 10.1042/bj1660115. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Conde R. D., Scornik O. A. Role of protein degradation in the growth of livers after a nutritional shift. Biochem J. 1976 Aug 15;158(2):385–390. doi: 10.1042/bj1580385. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Feldhoff R. C., Taylor J. M., Jefferson L. S. Synthesis and secretion of rat albumin in vivo, in perfused liver, and in isolated hepatocytes. Effects of hypophysectomy and growth hormone treatment. J Biol Chem. 1977 Jun 10;252(11):3611–3616. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Garlick P. J., Millward D. J., James W. P. The diurnal response of muscle and liver protein synthesis in vivo in meal-fed rats. Biochem J. 1973 Dec;136(4):935–945. doi: 10.1042/bj1360935. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Griffin E. E., Miller L. L. Effects of hypophysectomy of liver donor on net synthesis of specific plasma proteins by the isolated perfused rat liver. Modulation of synthesis of albumin, fibrinogen, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, alpha 2-(acute phase)-globulin, and haptoglobin by insulin, cortisol, triiodothyronine, and growth hormone. J Biol Chem. 1974 Aug 25;249(16):5062–5069. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Henshaw E. C., Hirsch C. A., Morton B. E., Hiatt H. H. Control of protein synthesis in mammalian tissues through changes in ribosome activity. J Biol Chem. 1971 Jan 25;246(2):436–446. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jasper H. G., Brasel J. A. The effects of growth hormone on DNA polymerase activity in the liver of normal and hypophysectomized rats. Endocrinology. 1973 Jan;92(1):194–205. doi: 10.1210/endo-92-1-194. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Jefferson L. S., Korner A. A direct effect of growth hormone on the incorporation of precursors into proteins and nucleic acids of perfused rat liver. Biochem J. 1967 Sep;104(3):826–832. doi: 10.1042/bj1040826. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. KORNER A. The effect of hypophysectomy of the rat and of treatment with growth hormone on the incorporation in vivo of radioactive amino acids into the proteins of subcellular fractions of rat liver. Biochem J. 1960 Mar;74:462–471. doi: 10.1042/bj0740462. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Keller G. H., Taylor J. M. Effect of hypophysectomy on the synthesis of rat liver albumin. J Biol Chem. 1976 Jun 25;251(12):3768–3773. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kernoff L. M., Pimstone B. L., Solomon J., Brock J. F. The effect of hypophysectomy and growth hormone replacement on albumin synthesis and catabolism in the rat. Biochem J. 1971 Sep;124(3):529–535. doi: 10.1042/bj1240529. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Khairallah E. A., Mortimore G. E. Assessment of protein turnover in perfused rat liver. Evidence for amino acid compartmentation from differential labeling of free and tRNA-gound valine. J Biol Chem. 1976 Mar 10;251(5):1375–1384. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Korner A. Regulation of the rate of synthesis of messenger ribonucleic acid by growth hormone. Biochem J. 1964 Sep;92(3):449–456. doi: 10.1042/bj0920449. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Liberti J. P., Wood D. M., DuVall C. H. In vitro stimulation of 14 C-leucine incorporation into protein by growth hormone. Endocrinology. 1972 Jan;90(1):311–315. doi: 10.1210/endo-90-1-311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Moss R. Different roles of nutrition in domestic and wild game birds and other animals. Proc Nutr Soc. 1975 May;34(1):95–100. doi: 10.1079/pns19750015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Richmond J. E., Shoemaker W. C., Elwyn D. H. Rates of biosynthesis of plasma and liver proteins. Am J Physiol. 1963 Nov;205(5):848–856. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1963.205.5.848. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Scornik O. A., Botbol V. Role of changes in protein degradation in the growth of regenerating livers. J Biol Chem. 1976 May 25;251(10):2891–2897. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Scornik O. A. Improved sucrose gradient analysis of mouse liver polyribosomes. Anal Biochem. 1973 Mar;52(1):56–62. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(73)90330-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Scornik O. A. In vivo rate of translation by ribosomes of normal and regenerating liver. J Biol Chem. 1974 Jun 25;249(12):3876–3883. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Scornik O. A. In vivo rates of deaggregation of polyribosomes in normal and regenerating liver after the injection of pactamycin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1974 Nov 20;374(1):76–81. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(74)90200-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Swick R. W., Ip M. M. Measurement of protein turnover in rat liver with (14C)carbonate. Protein turnover during liver regeneration. J Biol Chem. 1974 Nov 10;249(21):6836–6841. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. ULRICH F., TARVER H., LI C. H. Effects of growth and adrenocorticotropic hormones on the metabolism of albumin in hypophysectomized rats. J Biol Chem. 1954 Jul;209(1):117–125. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES