Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Physiology logoLink to The Journal of Physiology
. 1989 Apr;411:53–61. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1989.sp017559

The contribution of atrial systole to mitral diastolic blood flow increases during exercise in humans.

K S Channer 1, J V Jones 1
PMCID: PMC1190510  PMID: 2614731

Abstract

1. The change in the relative contribution of the early passive and later active phases of transmitral flow to left ventricular filling was studied using Doppler echocardiography in ten normal male subjects during mild exercise. 2. The peak velocity of passive flow increased during exercise by a mean of 16% whereas peak velocity of active flow increased by a mean of 89%. Hence the ratio of the peak velocities decreased in a linear fashion with a correlation coefficient of r = -0.95. 3. The ratio of the Doppler-derived velocity-time integrals (equivalent to the ratio of flow) of the two phases of transmitral flow also showed a significant negative linear correlation of r = -0.97. 4. Active atrial transport (atrial systole) progressively increases its contribution to overall transmitral blood flow with increasing heart rate during mild exercise. This effect is mainly mediated by an increase in flow velocity which is related to increased atrial contractility.

Full text

PDF
53

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ausubel K., Steingart R. M., Shimshi M., Klementowicz P., Furman S. Maintenance of exercise stroke volume during ventricular versus atrial synchronous pacing: role of contractility. Circulation. 1985 Nov;72(5):1037–1043. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.72.5.1037. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Benchimol A., Ellis J. G., Dimond E. G. Hemodynamic consequences of atrial and ventricular pacing in patients with normal and abnormal hearts. Effect of exercise at a fixed atrial and ventricular rate. Am J Med. 1965 Dec;39(6):911–922. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(65)90113-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Channer K. S., Culling W., Wilde P., Jones J. V. Estimation of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure by pulsed Doppler ultrasound. Lancet. 1986 May 3;1(8488):1005–1007. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)91273-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Channer K. S., Jones J. V. Atrial systole: its role in normal and diseased hearts. Clin Sci (Lond) 1988 Jul;75(1):1–4. doi: 10.1042/cs0750001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. DeMaria A. N., Miller R. R., Amsterdam E. A., Markson W., Mason D. T. Mitral valve early diastolic closing velocity in the echocardiogram: relation to sequential diastolic flow and ventricular compliance. Am J Cardiol. 1976 Apr;37(5):693–700. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90362-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Greenberg B., Chatterjee K., Parmley W. W., Werner J. A., Holly A. N. The influence of left ventricular filling pressure on atrial contribution to cardiac output. Am Heart J. 1979 Dec;98(6):742–751. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(79)90473-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kuo L. C., Quinones M. A., Rokey R., Sartori M., Abinader E. G., Zoghbi W. A. Quantification of atrial contribution to left ventricular filling by pulsed Doppler echocardiography and the effect of age in normal and diseased hearts. Am J Cardiol. 1987 May 1;59(12):1174–1178. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(87)90870-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Lewis J. F., Kuo L. C., Nelson J. G., Limacher M. C., Quinones M. A. Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic determination of stroke volume and cardiac output: clinical validation of two new methods using the apical window. Circulation. 1984 Sep;70(3):425–431. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.70.3.425. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Matsuda Y., Toma Y., Ogawa H., Matsuzaki M., Katayama K., Fujii T., Yoshino F., Moritani K., Kumada T., Kusukawa R. Importance of left atrial function in patients with myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1983 Mar;67(3):566–571. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.67.3.566. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Ormiston J. A., Shah P. M., Tei C., Wong M. Size and motion of the mitral valve annulus in man. I. A two-dimensional echocardiographic method and findings in normal subjects. Circulation. 1981 Jul;64(1):113–120. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.64.1.113. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Pehrsson S. K., Aström H. Left ventricular function after long-term treatment with ventricular inhibited compared to atrial triggered ventricular pacing. Acta Med Scand. 1983;214(4):295–304. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb10637.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Rahimtoola S. H., Ehsani A., Sinno M. Z., Loeb H. S., Rosen K. M., Gunnar R. M. Left atrial transport function in myocardial infarction. Importance of its booster pump function. Am J Med. 1975 Nov;59(5):686–694. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(75)90229-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. SARNOFF S. J., BROCKMAN S. K., GILMORE J. P., LINDEN R. J., MITCHELL J. H. Regulation of ventricular contraction. Influence of cardiac sympathetic and vagal nerve stimulation on atrial and ventricular dynamics. Circ Res. 1960 Sep;8:1108–1122. doi: 10.1161/01.res.8.5.1108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. SARNOFF S. J., GILMORE J. P., BROCKMAN S. K., MITCHELL J. H., LINDEN R. J. Regulation of ventricular contraction by the carotid sinus. Its effect on atrial and ventricular dynamics. Circ Res. 1960 Sep;8:1123–1136. doi: 10.1161/01.res.8.5.1123. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Physiology are provided here courtesy of The Physiological Society

RESOURCES