Abstract
OBJECTIVE--To assess the extent of the sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) problem in a rural area of Mozambique. METHODS--A cross sectional study among pregnant women and patients presenting with genital complaints. Laboratory confirmation was done for gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection, active syphilis, trichomoniasis and HIV infection. SETTING--A primary health care setting in Vilanculos, Inhambane province, Mozambique. RESULTS--Evidence of one or more of the above STDs was found in 51% of 201 pregnant women, 56% of 85 women and 62% of 77 men with genital complaints. Neisseria gonorrhoea or Chlamydia trachomatis were found in 16% of pregnant women, 23% of female patients and 28% of male patients; genital ulcer disease was present in 6%, 28% and 36%, of respectively pregnant women, female and male patients. The prevalence of active syphilis was about the same in the three groups of study subjects, that is 15%. HIV infection was found in 4% of the male patients; no HIV infection could be detected in the female groups. CONCLUSION--STDs were a major health problem in this rural area in Mozambique. Though HIV infection was still low, the high prevalence of STDs indicates that the potential is there for an explosive spread of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
Full text
PDF![427](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fb12/1195144/9e69d5f40bf1/genitmed00030-0017.png)
![428](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fb12/1195144/481c321bac8d/genitmed00030-0018.png)
![429](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fb12/1195144/af73fbbf343d/genitmed00030-0019.png)
![430](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fb12/1195144/93a360812101/genitmed00030-0020.png)
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- De Schampheleire I., Van de Velden L., Van Dyck E., Guindo S., Quint W., Fransen L. Maladies sexuellement transmissibles dans la population féminine à Pikine, Sénégal. Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1990 Sep;70(3):227–235. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Guinness L. F., Sibandze S., McGrath E., Cornelis A. L. Influence of antenatal screening on perinatal mortality caused by syphilis in Swaziland. Genitourin Med. 1988 Oct;64(5):294–297. doi: 10.1136/sti.64.5.294. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laga M., Manoka A., Kivuvu M., Malele B., Tuliza M., Nzila N., Goeman J., Behets F., Batter V., Alary M. Non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases as risk factors for HIV-1 transmission in women: results from a cohort study. AIDS. 1993 Jan;7(1):95–102. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199301000-00015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Liljestrand J., Bergström S., Nieuwenhuis F., Hederstedt B. Syphilis in pregnant women in Mozambique. Genitourin Med. 1985 Dec;61(6):355–358. doi: 10.1136/sti.61.6.355. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nkowane B. M. Prevalence and incidence of HIV infection in Africa: a review of data published in 1990. AIDS. 1991;5 (Suppl 1):S7–15. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Farrell N., Hoosen A. A., Coetzee K. D., van den Ende J. Genital ulcer disease in men in Durban, South Africa. Genitourin Med. 1991 Aug;67(4):327–330. doi: 10.1136/sti.67.4.327. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Farrell N., Hoosen A. A., Coetzee K. D., van den Ende J. Genital ulcer disease in women in Durban, South Africa. Genitourin Med. 1991 Aug;67(4):322–326. doi: 10.1136/sti.67.4.322. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Farrell N., Hoosen A. A., Kharsany A. B., van den Ende J. Sexually transmitted pathogens in pregnant women in a rural South African community. Genitourin Med. 1989 Aug;65(4):276–280. doi: 10.1136/sti.65.4.276. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roggen E. L., De Breucker S., van Dyck E., Piot P. Antigenic diversity in Haemophilus ducreyi as shown by western blot (immunoblot) analysis. Infect Immun. 1992 Feb;60(2):590–595. doi: 10.1128/iai.60.2.590-595.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wasserheit J. N. Epidemiological synergy. Interrelationships between human immunodeficiency virus infection and other sexually transmitted diseases. Sex Transm Dis. 1992 Mar-Apr;19(2):61–77. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]