Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Physiology logoLink to The Journal of Physiology
. 1982 Nov;332:1–24. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1982.sp014397

Central chemosensitivity and the reaction theory.

H H Loeschcke
PMCID: PMC1197383  PMID: 6818338

Full text

PDF
i3

Images in this article

i3pnil3-a
on p.i3
15Fig. 12
on p.15
24-1Plate 1
on p.24-1

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Cherniack N. S., von Euler C., Homma I., Kao F. F. Graded changes in central chemoceptor input by local temperature changes on the ventral surface of medulla. J Physiol. 1979 Feb;287:191–211. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012654. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Cragg P., Patterson L., Purves M. J. The pH of brain extracellular fluid in the cat. J Physiol. 1977 Oct;272(1):137–166. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1977.sp012038. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dev N. B., Loeschcke H. H. A cholinergic mechanism involved in the respiratory chemosensitivity of the medulla oblongata in the cat. Pflugers Arch. 1979 Feb 14;379(1):29–36. doi: 10.1007/BF00622901. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dev N. B., Loeschcke H. H. Topography of the respiratory and circulatory responses to acetylcholine and nicotine on the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata. Pflugers Arch. 1979 Feb 14;379(1):19–27. doi: 10.1007/BF00622900. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Feldberg W. The ventral surface of the brain stem: a scarcely explored region of pharmacological sensitivity. Neuroscience. 1976 Dec;1(6):427–441. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(76)90093-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Fencl V., Miller T. B., Pappenheimer J. R. Studies on the respiratory response to disturbances of acid-base balance, with deductions concerning the ionic composition of cerebral interstitial fluid. Am J Physiol. 1966 Mar;210(3):459–472. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1966.210.3.459. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fukuda Y., Honda Y., Schläfke M. E., Loeschcke H. H. Effect of H+ on the membrane potential of silent cells in the ventral and dorsal surface layers of the rat medulla in vitro. Pflugers Arch. 1978 Sep 29;376(3):229–235. doi: 10.1007/BF00584955. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fukuda Y., Honda Y. pH-sensitive cells at ventro--lateral surface of rat medulla oblongata. Nature. 1975 Jul 24;256(5515):317–318. doi: 10.1038/256317a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Fukuda Y., Loeschcke H. H. A cholinergic mechanism involved in the neuronal excitation by H+ in the respiratory chemosensitive structures of the ventral medulla oblongata of rats in vitro. Pflugers Arch. 1979 Mar 16;379(2):125–135. doi: 10.1007/BF00586938. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Fukuda Y., Loeschcke H. H. Effect of H+ on spontaneous neuronal activity in the surface layer of the rat medulla oblongata in vitro. Pflugers Arch. 1977 Oct 19;371(1-2):125–134. doi: 10.1007/BF00580780. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Guertzenstein P. G. Blood pressure effects obtained by drugs applied to the ventral surface of the brain stem. J Physiol. 1973 Mar;229(2):395–408. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010145. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. HUGELIN A., COHEN M. I. The reticular activating system and respiratory regulation in the cat. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1963 Jun 24;109:586–603. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb13489.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hori T., Roth G. I., Yamamoto W. S. Respiratory sensitivity of rat brain-stem surface to chemical stimuli. J Appl Physiol. 1970 Jun;28(6):721–724. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1970.28.6.721. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. KAO F. F. Regulation of respiration during muscular activity. Am J Physiol. 1956 Apr;185(1):145–151. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.185.1.145. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kronenberg R. S., Cain S. M. Effects of acetazolamide and hypoxia on cerebrospinal fluid bicarbonate. J Appl Physiol. 1968 Jan;24(1):17–20. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1968.24.1.17. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. LAMBERTSEN C. J., SEMPLE S. J., SMYTH M. G., GELFAND R. H and pCO2 as chemical factors in respiratory and cerebral circulatory control. J Appl Physiol. 1961 May;16:473–484. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1961.16.3.473. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. LEUSEN I. R. Chemosensitivity of the respiratory center influence of changes in the H+ and total buffer concentrations in the cerebral ventricles on respiration. Am J Physiol. 1954 Jan;176(1):45–51. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1953.176.1.45. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. LEUSEN I. R. Chemosensitivity of the respiratory center; influence of CO2 in the cerebral ventricles on respiration. Am J Physiol. 1954 Jan;176(1):39–44. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1953.176.1.39. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. LOESCHCKE H. H., KOEPCHEN H. P., GERTZ K. H. Uber den Einfluss von Wasserstoffionenkonzentration und CO2-Druck im Liquor cerebrospinalis auf die Atmung. Pflugers Arch. 1958;266(6):569–585. doi: 10.1007/BF00363036. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Leusen I. Regulation of cerebrospinal fluid composition with reference to breathing. Physiol Rev. 1972 Jan;52(1):1–56. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1972.52.1.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lipscomb W. T., Boyarsky L. L. Neurophysiological investigations of medullary chemosensitive areas of respiration. Respir Physiol. 1972 Dec;16(3):362–376. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(72)90065-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Loeschcke H. H., De Lattre J., Schläfke M. E., Trouth C. O. Effects on respiration and circulation of electrically stimulating the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata. Respir Physiol. 1970 Sep;10(2):184–197. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(70)90082-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Loeschcke H. H., Schlaefke M. E., See W. R., Herker-See A. Does CO2 act on the respiratory centers? Pflugers Arch. 1979 Sep;381(3):249–254. doi: 10.1007/BF00583256. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Loeschcke H. H., Sugioka K. pH of cerebrospinal fluid in the cisterna Magna and on the surface of the choroid plexus of the 4th ventricle and its effect on ventilation in experimental disturbances of acid base balance. Transients and steady states. Pflugers Arch. 1969;312(4):161–188. doi: 10.1007/BF00586927. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Loeschcke H. H. The respiratory control system: analysis of steady state solutions for metabolic and respiratory acidosis-alkalosis and increased metabolism. Pflugers Arch. 1973;341(1):23–42. doi: 10.1007/BF00587327. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Marino P. L., Lamb T. W. Effects of CO-2 and extracellular H+ iontophoresis on single cell activity in the cat brainstem. J Appl Physiol. 1975 Apr;38(4):688–695. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1975.38.4.688. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Middendorf T., Loeschcke H. H. Mathematische Simulation des Respirationssystems. J Math Biol. 1976 Jun 30;3(2):149–177. doi: 10.1007/BF00276203. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Mitchell R. A., Carman C. T., Severinghaus J. W., Richardson B. W., Singer M. M., Shnider S. Stability of cerebrospinal fluid pH in chronic acid-base disturbances in blood. J Appl Physiol. 1965 May;20(3):443–452. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1965.20.3.443. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Mitchell R. A., Herbert D. A. Synchronized high frequency synaptic potentials in medullary respiratory neurons. Brain Res. 1974 Jul 26;75(2):350–355. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(74)90760-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. PAPPENHEIMER J. R., FENCL V., HEISEY S. R., HELD D. ROLE OF CEREBRAL FLUIDS IN CONTROL OF RESPIRATION AS STUDIED IN UNANESTHETIZED GOATS. Am J Physiol. 1965 Mar;208:436–450. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1965.208.3.436. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Page R. B., Funsch D. J., Brennan R. W., Hernández M. J. Choroid plexus blood flow in the sheep. Brain Res. 1980 Sep 22;197(2):532–537. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(80)91142-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Pappenheimer J. R. The ionic composition of cerebral extracellular fluid and its relation to control of breathing. Harvey Lect. 1967;61:71–94. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Pokorski M. Neurophysiological studies on central chemosensor in medullary ventrolateral areas. Am J Physiol. 1976 May;230(5):1288–1295. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1976.230.5.1288. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Pontén U., Siesjö B. K. Gradients of CO2 tension in the brain. Acta Physiol Scand. 1966 Jun;67(2):129–140. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1966.tb03294.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Schlaefke M. E. Central chemosensitivity: a respiratory drive. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol. 1981;90:171–244. doi: 10.1007/BFb0034080. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Schlaefke M. E., Kille J. F., Loeschcke H. H. Elimination of central chemosensitivity by coagulation of a bilateral area on the ventral medullary surface in awake cats. Pflugers Arch. 1979 Jan 31;378(3):231–241. doi: 10.1007/BF00592741. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Schlaefke M. E., See W. R., Herker-See A., Loeschcke H. H. Respiratory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia after elimination of central chemosensitivity. Pflugers Arch. 1979 Sep;381(3):241–248. doi: 10.1007/BF00583255. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Schlaefke M. E., See W. R., Loeschcke H. H. Ventilatory response to alterations of H+ ion concentration in small areas of the ventral medullary surface. Respir Physiol. 1970 Sep;10(2):198–212. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(70)90083-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Schläfke M. E., Pokorski M., See W. R., Prill R. K., Loeschcke H. H. Chemosensitive neurons on the ventral medullary surface. Bull Physiopathol Respir (Nancy) 1975 Mar-Apr;11(2):277–284. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Schläfke M. E., See W. R., Massion W. H., Loeschcke H. H. Die Rolle "spezifischer" und unspezifischer Afferenzen für den Antrieb der Atmung, untersucht durch Reizung und Blockade von Afferenzen an der decerebrierten Katze. Pflugers Arch. 1969;312(4):189–205. doi: 10.1007/BF00586928. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Trouth C. O., Loeschcke H. H., Berndt J. A superficial substrate on the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata influencing respiration. Pflugers Arch. 1973 Mar 21;339(2):135–152. doi: 10.1007/BF00587180. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Trouth C. O., Loeschcke H. H., Berndt J. Histological structures in the chemosensitive regions on the ventral surface of the cat's medulla oblongata. Pflugers Arch. 1973 Mar 30;339(3):171–183. doi: 10.1007/BF00587370. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. WINTERSTEIN H. Chemical control of pulmonary ventilation. III. The reaction theory of respiratory control. N Engl J Med. 1956 Aug 16;255(7):331–337. doi: 10.1056/NEJM195608162550705. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Wieth J. O., Brahm J., Funder J. Transport and interactions of anions and protons in the red blood cell membrane. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1980;341:394–418. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb47186.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Physiology are provided here courtesy of The Physiological Society

RESOURCES