Skip to main content
PMC home page
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1968 Aug;108(5):839–844. doi: 10.1042/bj1080839

Carbohydrase activities in the bovine digestive tract

R C Siddons 1
PMCID: PMC1198890  PMID: 5673528

Abstract

1. The carbohydrase activities of homogenates of mucosa from the abomasum, small intestine, caecum and colon, and of the pancreas of cattle were studied. 2. The disaccharidase activities were located mainly in the small intestine and showed a non-uniform pattern of distribution along the small intestine; trehalase activity was highest in the proximal part, lactase and cellobiase activities were highest in the proximal and middle parts and maltase activity was highest in the distal part. 3. The intestinal lactase and cellobiase activities were highest in the young calf and decreased with age, whereas the intestinal maltase and trehalase activities, which were very low compared with the lactase activity, did not change with age. 4. No intestinal sucrase or palatinase activity was detected in the calf or in the adult cow. 5. Homogenates of intestinal mucosa also exhibited amylase and dextranase activity. 6. Homogenates of the pancreas possessed a strong amylase activity and a weak maltase activity. The maltase activity did not change with age, whereas the amylase activity increased with age. 7. No marked differences were observed between the carbohydrase activities of calves fed solely on milk and those of calves given a concentrate–hay diet from 6 weeks of age.

Full text

PDF
839

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ALVAREZ A., SAS J. beta-Galactosidase changes in the developing intestinal tract of the rat. Nature. 1961 May 27;190:826–827. doi: 10.1038/190826b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. AURICCHIO S., RUBINO A., TOSI R., SEMENZA G., LANDOLT M., KISTLER H., PRADER A. DISACCHARIDASE ACTIVITIES IN HUMAN INTESTINAL MUCOSA. Enzymol Biol Clin (Basel) 1963;74:193–208. doi: 10.1159/000458059. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BADAWY A. M., CAMPBELL R. M., CUTHBERTSON D. P., FELL B. F., MACKIE W. S. Further studies on the changing composition of the digesta along the alimentary tract of the sheep. 1. Total and non-protein nitrogen. Br J Nutr. 1958;12(4):367–383. doi: 10.1079/bjn19580051. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. CHAIN E. B., MANSFORD K. R., POCCHIARI F. The absorption of sucrose, maltose and higher oligosaccharides from the isolated rat small intestine. J Physiol. 1960 Nov;154:39–51. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1960.sp006563. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. DAHLQVIST A. METHOD FOR ASSAY OF INTESTINAL DISACCHARIDASES. Anal Biochem. 1964 Jan;7:18–25. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(64)90115-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. DAHLQVIST A. The location of carbohydrases in the digestive tract of the pig. Biochem J. 1961 Feb;78:282–288. doi: 10.1042/bj0780282. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. DIXON M. The determination of enzyme inhibitor constants. Biochem J. 1953 Aug;55(1):170–171. doi: 10.1042/bj0550170. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. DOELL R. G., KRETCHMER N. Studies of small intestine during development. I. Distribution and activity of beta-galactosidase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1962 Aug 13;62:353–362. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90097-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. DOLLAR A. M., PORTER J. W. Utilization of carbohydrates by the young calf. Nature. 1957 Jun 22;179(4573):1299–1300. doi: 10.1038/1791299a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Deren J. J., Broitman S. A., Zamcheck N. Effect of diet upon intestinal disaccharidases and disaccharide absorption. J Clin Invest. 1967 Feb;46(2):186–195. doi: 10.1172/JCI105521. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. FISCHER J. E. Effects of feeding a diet containing lactose upon beta-D-galactosidase activity and organ development in the rat digestive tract. Am J Physiol. 1957 Jan;188(1):49–53. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.188.1.49. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. HERZENBERG L. A., HERZENBERG L. A. Adaptation to lactose. Nutr Rev. 1959 Mar;17(3):65–67. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1959.tb06395.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hembry F. G., Bell M. C., Hall R. F. Intestinal carbohydrase activity and carbohydrate utilization in mature sheep. J Nutr. 1967 Oct;93(2):175–181. doi: 10.1093/jn/93.2.175. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kretchmer N., Sunshine P. Intestinal disaccharidase deficiency in the sea lion. Gastroenterology. 1967 Jul;53(1):123–129. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. London D. R., Cuatrecasas P., Birge S. J., Jr, Segal S. Metabolism of lactose by intestinal mucosa from normal and lactase-deficient subjects. Br Med J. 1967 Mar 4;1(5539):524–526. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5539.524. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. MALHOTRA O. P., PHILIP G. HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES OF MAMMALIAN INTESTINES. I. DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES IN THE GOAT AND PIG INTESTINES. Indian J Med Res. 1964 Jan;52:68–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. MALHOTRA O. P., PHILIP G. HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES OF MAMMALIAN INTESTINES. II. DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES IN DOG, GUINEA-PIG, SQUIRREL, ALBINO RAT AND RABBIT INTESTINES. Indian J Med Res. 1965 May;53:410–416. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. MILLER D., CRANE R. K. The digestive function of the epithelium of the small intestine. I. An intracellular locus of disaccharide and sugar phosphate ester hydrolysis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1961 Sep 16;52:281–293. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90677-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. MORRILL J. L., JACOBSON N. L., MCGILLIARD A. D., HOTCHKISS D. K. USE OF A RE-ENTRANT ILEAL FISTULA TO STUDY CARBOHYDRATE UTILIZATION BY THE YOUNG BOVINE. J Nutr. 1965 Apr;85:429–437. doi: 10.1093/jn/85.4.429. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Manunta G., Nuvole P. Attivita' glicidolitica della mucosa enterica negli ovini adulti. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1966 Aug 31;42(16):1014–1017. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. McCormick R. J., Stewart W. E. Pancreatic secretion in the bovine calf. J Dairy Sci. 1967 Apr;50(4):568–571. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(67)87467-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Paes I. C., Searl P., Rubert M. W., Faloon W. W. Intestinal lactase deficiency and saccharide malabsorption during oral neomycin administration. Gastroenterology. 1967 Jul;53(1):49–58. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. RUBINO A., ZIMBALATTI F., AURICCHIO S. INTESTINAL DISACCHARIDASE ACTIVITIES IN ADULT AND SUCKLING RATS. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964 Nov 22;92:305–311. doi: 10.1016/0926-6569(64)90187-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Welsh J. D., Walker A. Intestinal disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase activity in the dog. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1965 Nov;120(2):525–527. doi: 10.3181/00379727-120-30580. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES